Earlier quoted context omitted.
No doubt - there's cheats everywhere... but I don't think its near the scale of India.
@damian2000, [citation needed]
Copying is endemic. Amongst the final year students in my CS class of nearly 50 I think maybe 1 person did it on their own.
The rest knew a guy who knew a guy who had a copy of the project.
This is for your undergrad degree.
For my 10th standard practical exams, which I did in one of the more strict institutions, the invigilator who came from another school left the room for a short time, and my physics professor came in and took a look at what we were doing.
he didn't give us advice directly, but with enough stern looks and exasperated sighs he let people know what they were doing wrong, and why certain experiments were doomed to fail. Then again given the sorry state of some of the equipment like the calipers, I doubt we could have gotten too precise a measurement anyway.
Similarly for the chem practicals and bio practicals.
I also know that our professors would go to other schools and invigilate there, where they would return the favor.
Onward to practical exams in undergrad - Comp sci was probably easier to copy and cheat. The engineering courses were similar though - you could find a talented student/graduate who would make your projects for you at a price.
This is still nothing, because every year there is a scandal where the question papers are leaked for almost every exam. This is constant.
People will find a bribe-able teacher or peon and get X or Y exam paper from them. Again constant and ongoing. This is often the option of the desperate, who also resort to interesting ways to cheat - such as having your text books hidden away in the toilets and so on, or on your phones, or scratched onto the desks or the walls.
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I can't find it anymore, but there was a great article written by a professional paper writer in the US. He used to work for a firm that wrote papers and articles for college students who could afford them.
He never looked down on his students - some of them were quite wealthy and he knew that they would go on to do something else once they graduated. So for him this was just an extension of them learning useful real world skills and he appreciated those clients who made no pretense and could give instructions on how he would like an article to be written and what emphasis to be given.