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Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

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31–40 of 135 posts

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#31
post #9

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Math is a verifiable domain. Translate a proof into Lean and you can check it in a non-hallucination-vulnerable way.

But that's not what they're doing here. They're comparing Alphaevolve's outputs numerically against a scoring function

They did also take some of the informal proofs and formalized them using AlphaProof, emitting Lean.

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#32
post #8

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>> If the LLM fucks up, that branch is cut. Can you explain more on this? How on earth are we supposed to know LLM is hallucinating?

Google's system is like any other optimizer, where you have a scoring function, and you keep altering the function's inputs to make the scoring function return a big number. The difference here is the function's inputs are code instead of numbers, which makes LLMs useful because LLMs are good at altering code. So the LLM will try different candidate solutions, then Google's system will keep working on the good ones a…

Exactly, he even mentioned that it's a variant of traditional optimization tool so it's not surprising to see cutting-plane methods and when the structure allows; benders decomposition

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#33
post #18

Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before! If you listen carefully to the people who build LLMs it is clear that post-training RL forces them to develop a world-model that goes well beyond a "fancy Markov chain" that some seem to believe. Next step is building similar capabilities on top of models like Genie 3[2] [1] eg https://news.ycombinator.c…

[deleted]

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#34
post #22

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think it's disingenuous to characterize these solutions as "LLMs solving problems", given the dependence on a hefty secondary apparatus to choose optimal solutions from the LLM proposals. And an important point here is that this tool does not produce any optimality proofs, so even if they do find the optimal result, you may not be any closer to showing that that's the case.

Well, there's the goal posts moved and a Scotsman denied. It's got an infrastructure in which it operates and "didn't show its work" so it takes an F in maths.

A random walk can do mathematics, with this kind of infrastructure.

Isabelle/HOL has a tool called Sledgehammer, which is the hackiest hack that ever hacked[0], basically amounting to "run a load of provers in parallel, with as much munging as it takes". (Plumbing them together is a serious research contribution, which I'm not at all belittling.) I've yet to see ChatGPT achieve anything like what it's capable of.

[0]: https://lawrencecpaulson.github.io/2022/04/13/Sledgehammer.h...

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#35

Earlier quoted context omitted.

But that's not what they're doing here. They're comparing Alphaevolve's outputs numerically against a scoring function

They did also take some of the informal proofs and formalized them using AlphaProof, emitting Lean.

Ah ok, I didn't notice that part, thx

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#36
post #18

Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before! If you listen carefully to the people who build LLMs it is clear that post-training RL forces them to develop a world-model that goes well beyond a "fancy Markov chain" that some seem to believe. Next step is building similar capabilities on top of models like Genie 3[2] [1] eg https://news.ycombinator.c…

> Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before!

The AlphaEvolve paper has been out since May. I don't think the people making these claims are necessarily primarily motivated by the accuracy of what they're saying.

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#37
post #18

Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before! If you listen carefully to the people who build LLMs it is clear that post-training RL forces them to develop a world-model that goes well beyond a "fancy Markov chain" that some seem to believe. Next step is building similar capabilities on top of models like Genie 3[2] [1] eg https://news.ycombinator.c…

Please read section 2 of the paper[1] cited in the blog post. LLMs are used as a mutation function in an evolutionary loop. LLMs are certainly an enabler, but IMO, evolutionary optimization is what deserves credit in this case.

[1]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.02864

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#38
post #18

Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before! If you listen carefully to the people who build LLMs it is clear that post-training RL forces them to develop a world-model that goes well beyond a "fancy Markov chain" that some seem to believe. Next step is building similar capabilities on top of models like Genie 3[2] [1] eg https://news.ycombinator.c…

Please read section 2 of the paper[1] cited in the blog post. LLMs are used as a mutation function in an evolutionary loop. LLMs are certainly an enabler, but IMO, evolutionary optimization is what deserves credit in this case. [1]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.02864

all mathematicians and scientists work with a feedback loop. that's what the scientific method is.

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#39
post #18

Hopefully this will finally stop the continuing claims[1] that LLMs can only solve problems they have seen before! If you listen carefully to the people who build LLMs it is clear that post-training RL forces them to develop a world-model that goes well beyond a "fancy Markov chain" that some seem to believe. Next step is building similar capabilities on top of models like Genie 3[2] [1] eg https://news.ycombinator.c…

That's not what "world-model" means: see https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/world_model. Your [2] is equivocating in an attempt to misrepresent the state-of-the-art. Genie 3 is technically impressive, don't get me wrong, but it's strictly inferior to procedural generation techniques from the 20th century, physics simulation techniques from the 20th century, and PlayStation 2-era graphics engines. (Have you seen the character models in the 2001 PS2 port of Half-Life? That's good enough.)

Re: Mathematical exploration and discovery at scale

#40
post #22

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I think it's disingenuous to characterize these solutions as "LLMs solving problems", given the dependence on a hefty secondary apparatus to choose optimal solutions from the LLM proposals. And an important point here is that this tool does not produce any optimality proofs, so even if they do find the optimal result, you may not be any closer to showing that that's the case.

Well, there's the goal posts moved and a Scotsman denied. It's got an infrastructure in which it operates and "didn't show its work" so it takes an F in maths.

well, it produced not just the solutions to the problems but also programs that generate them which can be reverse-engineered
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