From a user perspective, this is extremely valuable. What an amazing improvement; unbounded especially. I do hope this would make it into actual RE2 & go. When I use regex, I expect to be able to lookbehind, so I am routinely hit by RE2's limitations in places where it's used. Sometimes the software uses the entire matched string and you can't use non-capturing groups to work around it. I understand go's reasons, ReD…
Preventing ReDos is literally the reason RE2 exists though, so I don't think it's "purism" to not implement these things. What you want is not unreasonable, but fundamentally incompatible with the goals of RE2.
Ways to do look-behinds in linear time, as detailed in this article, are a relatively new development AFAIK(?) I don't think the RE2 people are principally opposed to integrating that if it can be done well. I suspect someone will have to write a patch though, since the main RE2 maintainer died last year.