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Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

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Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#131

Earlier quoted context omitted.

So far I'm just waiting for any definition.

You got examples and didn't like them. That's fine, that just means people won't indulge you anymore.

Can you clarify what examples of harm have been provided? Disrespecting someone is not harming them, if that is what you're getting at? Your comment is quite disrespectful towards my genuine question which you refuse to answer, and yet, I am not harmed. In fact, I am amused, since it's clear you don't have a real answer and are just resorting to ad hominem attacks instead.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#132
post #119

Earlier quoted context omitted.

So far I'm just waiting for any definition.

I'm more curious what your definition of harm is. (To be clear, this is a completely pointless tangent, "harm" has nothing to do with whether or not you should condone plagiarism. But you seem rather interested in discussing it, so I am kind of curious what answer you're actually looking for.)

I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting.

As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already.

If you're so against plagiarism, how do you feel about LLMs plagiarizing the whole internet? Didn't all the techbros collectively decide for us that this is the future we want?

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#133

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Of course there was. You can clean-room reverse-engineer the hardware. This is what is done daily by Libdragon maintainers for supplying an open source SDK for Nintendo 64 with zero proprietary code in it.

way back in the before times... Open Source projects went to great lengths to make sure they didn't use anything that could 'taint' the code (eg Samba ) I think the DeCSS stuff wasn't used till it had been publicly leaked and was considered 'common knowlege' or some such to prevent lawsuits

Not quite. There was nobody holding back on sharing for legal reasons, and it didn't prevent lawsuits.

The LiViD mailing list was full of people trying to get DVDs working with Linux, and they were already quite far into it. Derek Fawcus had already written the drive authentication code (so the drive would allow the host to read most disc sectors).

A piracy group, DrinkOrDie, reverse engineered the Xing DVD player for Windows and released DoD DVD Speed Ripper (no source code).

MoRE (Masters of Reverse Engineering) also reverse engineered the Xing DVD player and released DeCSS (no source code).

MoRE consisted of "mdx", "the nomad" and Jon Lech Johansen. "the nomad" reverse engineered the Xing DVD player. "mdx" used them to write a decrypter. Jon made a GUI frontend.

Prior to DeCSS's release, someone sent Derek Fawcus the decryption code. And he got around to playing with it, and was going to publish it on the LiViD list.

But before he did, DeCSS came out, and also its source code leaked, and Fawcus noticed his own code was in it (the drive authentication code), stripped of his credit. He complained about this and Johansen got in touch, and ultimately he allowed DeCSS to use his code under a non-GPL license.

Then, famously, Norway's "economic crime" unit brought criminal charges against Johansen. Ultimately, they concluded that Johansen himself hadn't infringed anything, because it was Derek Fawcus, "the nomad" and "mdx" who did that, and they're not Norwegian.

So, with that in mind:

- the LiViD mailing list would almost certainly have developed a DVD solution for Linux, not caring about clean room implementation, if DeCSS had not beaten them to the punch

- the fame DeCSS got also brought the angry litigators (though eventually justice prevailed)

I'll end on a quote from Derek Fawcus:

https://web.archive.org/web/20001202051300/http://livid.on.o...

> Something that may be of interest to people in the states is that I've had an offer of help to produce a specification of the algorithm - from which a third party could produce an implementation. i.e. proper clean room approach. This doesn't really matter from my point of view (or in my opinion most Europeans) but may be of use to the Yanks.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#134
post #15

To me this looks like a bad attempt at exposing dirty laundry in bad faith, which is not too surprising coming from him. 1. Commit 3ba50ec which Marcan is complaining about was pushed in 2008 and didn't just delete attrib specifically, but all (?) VCS comments indiscriminately. The file was barely touched since 2. "The authors of libogc didn't just steal proprietary Nintendo code (...) ignorance about the copyright i…

Hector just doesn't have enough drama going on in his life after resigning (twice!) from the LKML, eh?

Nonetheless, I respect him for calling out FOSS license violations, even if he's done it in the most drama-pilled way.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#135

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> If you search around though you will find many posts on lawyers' websites and other places that argue it is possible to actually lose your own copyright. Citation needed. You can lose an unused trademark through misuse. You cannot lose copyright. Impossible. You can willingly relinquish something to the public domain. But that's it.

Lopez v. Electrical Rebuilders, Inc., 416 F.Supp. 1133, 1135 (C.D.Cal.1976). Acquiescence, with full knowledge in the publication of a vast number of copies without copyright notice, may work a forfeiture. Transgo, Inc. v. Ajac Transmission Parts Corp., 768 F.2d 1001, 1019, 227 USPQ 598, 82 A.L.R.Fed 97 (C.A.9 (Cal.), 1985). Publication by a licensee of “vast numbers of copies without copyright notice may work a forf…

Those have nothing to do with losing copyright. Forgetting to file for copyright, sure. But not losing copyright you have.

If you have standing and you don’t sue for lack of money, of course the infringer gets away with it! Your right was not extinguished though. You don’t have the right to bludgeon others, you have the exclusive right to copy.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#136

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> How much "reverse engineering" these days really is clean room and how much of it is just ripping off proprietary software? I did mine clean room. When I reverse engineered my laptop's features, I intercepted the proprietary software's communications with the hardware, compiled my findings into a whole bunch of notes and then wrote my own free software to do the same thing based on those notes. > But when the Ninte…

> Copyright as a whole should be abolished. Why is abolishment always the first reaction to any system with flaws? There are multi-billion dollar companies who would love to see copyright abolished, especially right now so that they can profit from artists with reckless abandon without giving them so much as a penny. Copyright provides an incentive for artists to dedicate their life to their creative endeavors by pro…

> Why is abolishment always the first reaction to any system with flaws?

Because we're sick of it. We're tired of pretending this stuff is artificially scarce while they rob us of our rights. The reality is intellectual property is fiction and public domain is its natural state. We'd like to start living in reality.

Nearly two hundred years ago, one man warned everyone this would happen.

https://www.thepublicdomain.org/2014/07/24/macaulay-on-copyr...

> once it ceases to be considered as wrong and discreditable to invade literary property, no person can say where the invasion will stop. The public seldom makes nice distinctions.

> The wholesome copyright which now exists will share in the disgrace and danger of the new copyright which you are about to create.

> in attempting to impose unreasonable restraints on the reprinting of the works of the dead, you have, to a great extent, annulled those restraints which now prevent men from pillaging and defrauding the living.

Not only did nobody listen, people doubled down on this bullshit. These are the consequences.

> Copyright provides an incentive for artists to dedicate their life to their creative endeavors

False. It is absolute rent seeking.

The original social contract was we'd all pretend for a few years that intellectual works couldn't be trivially copied so that creators could turn a profit. And then, and this part is the key, and then the works would enter the public domain.

When was the last time some work you enjoyed entered the public domain? It's not happening. They keep postponing it. You'll be dead before your culture enters the public domain. They've all made a zillion dollars off of it already but they think it's not enough.

Artists? They defend this stuff. They deserve the consequences. They are monopolists, just like the corporations you are decrying. On this very site I've run into artists who think it's absolutely just that they and their families get to enjoy centuries of rent from the government granted monopolies on their creations.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#137

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Of course there was. You can clean-room reverse-engineer the hardware. This is what is done daily by Libdragon maintainers for supplying an open source SDK for Nintendo 64 with zero proprietary code in it.

How could one ever prove that a solution was clean-room? For example I would consider the oman leak to taint all development of N64 in existence. Even if someone didn't personally look at it, they most certainly got information from someone else that did.

I don’t understand if this question is legal or morale/technical. I will answer to the latter, from the point of view of a prospective user of the library that wants to make their own mind around this.

Its quite easy to prove that libdragon was fully clean roomed. There are thousands of proofs like the git history showing incremental evolution and discovery, the various hardware testsuites being developed in parallel to it, the Ares emulator also improving its accuracy as things are being discovered over the past 4-5 years. At the same time, the n64brew wiki has also evolved to provide a source of independently verified, trustable hardware details.

Plus there are tens of thousands of Discord log messages where development has incrementally happened.

This is completely different from eg romhack-related efforts like Nintendo microcode evolutions where the authors explicitly acknowledge to have used the leaks to study and understand the original commented source code.

Instead, libdragon microcode has evolved from scratch, as clearly visible from the git history, discovering things a bit at a time, writing fuzzy tests to observe corner case behaviors, down to even creating a custom RSP programming language.

I believe all of this will be apparent to anybody approaching the codebase and studying it.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#138
post #119

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'm more curious what your definition of harm is. (To be clear, this is a completely pointless tangent, "harm" has nothing to do with whether or not you should condone plagiarism. But you seem rather interested in discussing it, so I am kind of curious what answer you're actually looking for.)

I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting. As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already. If you're so against plagiarism, how do you feel about LLMs plagiarizing the whole internet? Didn't all the techbros collectively decide for us that this is the future we want?

> I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting.

Well, now I asked for yours, and I'm also still waiting.

> As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already.

Look, man, I'm not saying we should go kill people for committing plagiarism, I don't think this is the worst thing ever, but it definitely reflects a lack of integrity even if the original authors explicitly don't care. It's dishonest and can put the legal status of a software library into genuine question.

i.e. I care if people lie to me even if the lie doesn't matter that much.

And it is not just a thing in school. Anyone who publishes or really writes anything (e.g. books, video scripts, blog posts, etc.) can ruin their career through plagiarism. It's a cultural faux pas.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagiarism

> If you're so against plagiarism, how do you feel about LLMs plagiarizing the whole internet? Didn't all the techbros collectively decide for us that this is the future we want?

That's a whole other can of worms.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#139
post #138

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting. As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already. If you're so against plagiarism, how do you feel about LLMs plagiarizing the whole internet? Didn't all the techbros collectively decide for us that this is the future we want?

> I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting. Well, now I asked for yours, and I'm also still waiting. > As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already. Look, man, I'm not saying we should go kill people for committing plagiarism, I don't think this is the worst thing eve…

> Well, now I asked for yours, and I'm also still waiting.

I asked first and I don't want to influence your response. So, go ahead. You first.

If your only answer is that plagiarism is bad then I agree with that (in certain settings, such as education), but it's clearly no longer considered to be illegal (if it ever was?) or immoral. Just look at all the bigtech LLMs doing so while raising billions without getting into legal trouble. So apparently society has recently decided that this is fine.

Re: Libogc (Wii homebrew library) discovered to contain code stolen from RTEMS

#140
post #138

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I'm specifically asking you (and other HNers) what definition of harm you think applies here. I'm still waiting. Well, now I asked for yours, and I'm also still waiting. > As for not condoning plagiarism, grow up. We're not kids in school anymore. You're (hopefully) an adult who graduated already. Look, man, I'm not saying we should go kill people for committing plagiarism, I don't think this is the worst thing eve…

> Well, now I asked for yours, and I'm also still waiting. I asked first and I don't want to influence your response. So, go ahead. You first. If your only answer is that plagiarism is bad then I agree with that (in certain settings, such as education), but it's clearly no longer considered to be illegal (if it ever was?) or immoral. Just look at all the bigtech LLMs doing so while raising billions without getting in…

> I asked first and I don't want to influence your response. So, go ahead. You first.

It's simple: I'm not dodging the question, it's just that I don't know. It's complicated. It's easy to punch someone in the face and say "I have harmed this person" but things go into the weeds quickly. Like, can you harm someone through inaction? It's a surprisingly deep philosophical question and I am not a philosopher. I don't think determining exactly what harm is to be relevant in this particular case, anyways, but any definition I could come up with would probably have holes in it and lead to a large debate that I'd argue isn't actually relevant to the point(s) being made anyways.

> If your only answer is that plagiarism is bad then I agree with that (in certain settings, such as education), but it's clearly no longer considered to be illegal (if it ever was?) or immoral. Just look at all the bigtech LLMs doing so while raising billions without getting into legal trouble. So apparently society has recently decided that this is fine.

Say we really did crack the code on how human learning works and distilled it into an algorithm. If you were able to use this algorithm to produce a representation of learned skills and knowledge, e.g. something lossy enough to be considered legally distinct rather than just a compressed form of the training data, then surely this would not be considered a derivative work of the copyright material used to train it. I think most people would agree with this. (Note the obvious caveats, e.g. if your weights do contain obvious artifacts of direct memorization then it would still be a legal problem.)

Clearly we haven't done that yet, but we did do something that sits between "lossless compression" and "human learning". The courts have the unenviable job of trying to figure out where to draw the line when we still don't really understand what's going on.

I don't really like the heist that occurred with machine learning, but I also lack a satisfactory answer on what exactly it is they did wrong (except for the obvious, e.g. committing massive amounts of piracy and DDoS'ing the entire Internet for the sake of training data.) I don't think anybody could have foresaw what would happened with machine learning decades ago to be able to make laws that would adequately cover it, and tech companies always move way too fast for regulators to keep up.

However, I don't believe that this means that all plagiarism is simply okay, either legally or morally. I just think we lack an adequate legal framework to represent our moral quandaries with big tech machine learning operations, as the traditional notion of plagiarism doesn't cover the complexities of model weights or model outputs. I also don't think that the current legal frameworks will last forever; it's a golden era for ML companies, but assuming they haven't and aren't cracking the code on artificial cognition (I strongly believe they're not near it atm) I believe regulations will eventually catch up some time after the hype has died down.

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