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Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

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Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#61
A lot of people build personal deep learning machines. The economics and convenience can definitely work out... I am confused however by "dummy GPU" - I searched for "dummy" for an explanation but didn't find one. Modern motherboards all include an integrated video card, so I'm not sure what this would be for?

My personal DL machine has a 24 core CPU, 128GB RAM and 2 x 3060 GPUs and 2 x 2TB NVMe drives in a RAID 1 array. I <3 it.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#62

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You pay a premium to get the theoretical local privacy and reliability of hosting your own models. But to get commercially competitive models you need 5 figures of hardware, and then need to actually run it securely and reliably. Pay as you go with multiple vendors as fallback is a better option right now if you don't need harder privacy.

Yeah, really I'd love for my Home Assistant to be able to use a local LLM/TTS/STT which I did get working but was way too slow. Also it would fun to just throw some problems/ideas at the wall without incurring (more) cost, that's a big part of it. But each time I run the numbers I would be better off using Anthropic/OpenAI/DeepSeek/other. I think sooner or later I'll break down and buy a server for local inference ev…

You shouldn't be having slow response issues with LLM/TTS/STT for HA on a mbp m3 max 128gb. I'd either limit the entities exposed or choose a smaller model.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#63

The thing is though.... the locally hosted models in such hardware are cute as toys, and sure do write funny jokes and importantly, perform private tasks that I would never consider passing to non-selfhosted models, but pale in comparison to the models accessible over APIs(Claude 3.5 Sonnet, OpenAI etc). If I could run deepseek-r1-678b locally, without breaking the bank, I would. But, for now, opex > capex at a consu…

Huh? Toys? You can run DeepSeek 70b on 36GB ram Macbook pro.. You can run Phi4, Qwen2.5, or llama3.3. They work great for coding tasks

Yeah but as one of the replies points out the resulting tokens/second would be unusable in production environments

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#64
Pay attention to IO bandwidth if you’re building a machine with multiple GPUs like this!

In this setup the model is sharded between cards so data must be shuffled through a PCIe 3.0 x16 link which is limited to ~16 GB/s max. For reference that’s an order of magnitude lower than the ~350 GB/s memory bandwidth of the Tesla P40 cards being used.

Author didn’t mention NVLink so I’m presuming it wasn’t used, but I believe these cards would support it.

Building on a budget is really hard. In my experience 5-15 tok/s is a bit too slow for use cases like coding, but I admit once you’ve had a taste of 150 tok/s it’s hard to go back (I’ve been spoiled by RTX 4090 with vLLM).

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#65

The problem for me with making such an investment is that next month a better model will be released. It will either require more or less RAM than the current best model- making it either not runnable or expensive to run on an overbuilt machine. Using cloud infrastructure should help with this issue. It may cost much more per run but money can be saved if usage is intermittent. How are HN users handling this?

I plan to wait for the NVIDIA Digits release and see what the token/sec is there. Ideally it will work well for at least 2-3 years then I can resell and upgrade if needed.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#67
post #61

A lot of people build personal deep learning machines. The economics and convenience can definitely work out... I am confused however by "dummy GPU" - I searched for "dummy" for an explanation but didn't find one. Modern motherboards all include an integrated video card, so I'm not sure what this would be for? My personal DL machine has a 24 core CPU, 128GB RAM and 2 x 3060 GPUs and 2 x 2TB NVMe drives in a RAID 1 ar…

Look under "Available Graphics" at

https://www.hp.com/us-en/shop/mdp/business-solutions/z440-wo...

No integrated graphics.

Author's explanation of the problem:

The Teslas are intended to crunch numbers, not to play video games with. Consequently, they don't have any ports to connect a monitor to. The BIOS of the HP Z440 does not like this. It refuses to boot if there is no way to output a video signal.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#68

The problem for me with making such an investment is that next month a better model will be released. It will either require more or less RAM than the current best model- making it either not runnable or expensive to run on an overbuilt machine. Using cloud infrastructure should help with this issue. It may cost much more per run but money can be saved if usage is intermittent. How are HN users handling this?

Among people who are running large models at home, I think the solution is basically to be rich.

Plenty of people in tech earn enough to support a family and drive a fancy car, but choose not to. A used RTX 3090 isn't cheap, but you can afford a lot of $1000 GPUs if you don't buy that $40k car.

Other options include only running the smaller LLMs; buying dated cards and praying you can get the drivers to work; or just using hosted LLMs like normal people.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#69

I’d really love to build a machine for local LLMs. I’ve tested models on my MBP M3 Max with 128GB of ram and it’s really cool but I’d like a dedicated local server. I’d also like an excuse to play with proxmox as I’ve just run raw Linux servers or UnRaid w/ containers in the past. I have OpenWebUI and LibreChat running on my local “app server” and I’m quite enjoying that but every time I price out a beefier box I fee…

For what it's worth, looking at the benchmarks, I think the machine they built is comparable to what your MBP can already do. They probably have a better inference speed, though.

Re: Building a personal, private AI computer on a budget

#70
For the same price ($1799) you could buy a Mac Mini with 48gb of unified memory and an m4 pro. It’d probably use less power and be much quieter to run and likely could outperform this setup in terms of tokens per second. I enjoyed the write up still, but I would probably just buy a Mac in this situation.
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