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Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

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101–110 of 111 posts

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#101
post #74
post #49

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Trillions+ in mining value? What exactly are you proposing mining (platinum seems the most likely, IIRC my D&D)? remember that new sources affect the supply, which changes prices significantly, so it would have to be basically unobtanium to be worth it. And remember, since you developed all that tech just to make the space elevator... most of the mining you did is probably obsolete.

Even aluminium gets you to a trillion dollars in 6 years. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium... * Calculation: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=1%20trillion%20USD%20%2... * Old data, China has rapid growth in this sector and is now about 42 megatons/y, but that just changes the result from rounding down to 6 years to rounding up to 6 years: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chi…

Aluminum is widely available in the earth and if you approached earth with a new delivery at scale, prices would fall through the floor.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#102
post #101
post #74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even aluminium gets you to a trillion dollars in 6 years. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium... * Calculation: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=1%20trillion%20USD%20%2... * Old data, China has rapid growth in this sector and is now about 42 megatons/y, but that just changes the result from rounding down to 6 years to rounding up to 6 years: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chi…

Aluminum is widely available in the earth and if you approached earth with a new delivery at scale, prices would fall through the floor.

So would the cost of building space elevators. I'm betting there wouldn't be a single part of society unaffected by an explosion of raw materials at much lower cost. It's just an insanely high investment cost to kick off the industrialization of space.

Besides, mining on earth has many externalities that aren't reflected in the commodity price. Some of the most brutal and inhumane conditions on earth right now are tied directly to market demand for rare or difficult to aggregate minerals. The sooner we can shut that down the sooner we can claim social progress without ten asterisks trailing it.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#103
post #93

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The one thing that's clear is that this makes tethers a more challenging engineering problem than a naive / uninformed view might have suggested. This is almost always the situation in engineering applications. The simple approach based on first principles turns out to be massively influenced by second- and higher-order effects. See Admiral Hyman Rickover's "Paper Reactors" for a classic take on this: https://whatisn…

Reminds me of a futurist I read years ago who was sure super critical water oxidation would solve all of our pollution problems. Ceramics are a “Pick two” material. You can handle heat, pressure or corrosion. SCWO requires all three. Some clever team invented composite ceramics trying to fix the problem, but that was a decade or two ago and still it’s a niche solution used for truly pernicious toxins and that’s about…

What's the role of ceramics in SCWO?

My only familiarity with that is a quick skim of the Wikipedia article, though that makes no mention of ceramics.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#104
post #101
post #74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even aluminium gets you to a trillion dollars in 6 years. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium... * Calculation: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=1%20trillion%20USD%20%2... * Old data, China has rapid growth in this sector and is now about 42 megatons/y, but that just changes the result from rounding down to 6 years to rounding up to 6 years: https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chi…

Aluminum is widely available in the earth and if you approached earth with a new delivery at scale, prices would fall through the floor.

That aluminium is widely available on earth was necessary to my point that it is trivial to find existing examples in the trillion-dollar scale.

Aluminium prices would only fall if you were selling the whole thing in one go for instant delivery — unusually for most supplies this form of delivery would be technically possible, but RFGs are normally considered "weapons" rather than "shipping". Look at how much supply has increased this century vs. price: production has seen near-continuous growth while the price has been spiky rather than a consistent downward trend, this is because aluminium is *really useful*.

Given that orbital dynamics makes it more like a months-to-years process just to get to the asteroid in the first place, who knows how long to capture it and stabilise for mining etc., and that mining itself would not be an instant process even if we happen to get a convenient pile of purely metallic (non-oxidised) rubble, it won't be all on the market for instant delivery.

I get similar values for copper: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1+trillion+USD+%2F+%28%...

Zinc is ~ 30 years of global production at current prices, which would be pushing it for a corporate investment but not totally implausible: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1+trillion+USD+%2F+%28%...

Just under 4 years for iron ore: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1+trillion+USD+%2F+%28%...

Just over 4 years for gold: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1+trillion+USD+%2F+%28%...

I think aiming for a trillion USD of platinum would indeed crash the market, as the same formula gives me 180 years for that: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1+trillion+USD+%2F+%28%...

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#105
post #88

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Current maximum continuous length is about a foot.

At present. From context, I infer the question is "we know what we can use 1cm long carbon nanotubes for, and what we can use 36,000 km long carbon nanotubes for, but what economic value is there for stuff between such that we may try to monetise the R&D pathway to the latter?"

Quality focused monetized solutions that reward increasing the continuous length but work at shorter lengths as well. Everyday materials come to mind.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#106
post #43

There's a simple point about space elevators that most people ignore. We would only build a space elevator if it made economic sense. Given the reality of construction costs, even if we had the materials, it would like cost many trillions of dollars (at least) so whatever we used it for would have to produce much more value than that. Even more importantly, if we had access to the materials necessary to build space e…

How's laser launch research come since the 1970s? It's probably limited to launching metal hardware, but when the cost of a space elevator is compared to making a bunch really big lasers and putting them radially around some mirrors, it's something to think about. Is it an overheating problem? The mirrors and optics would just get fried?

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#107

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even an optimal space elevator needs to support a sizable portion of its own tether weight with the tether itself. For a solid non-magnetic tether to be at all realistic, the tether material would likely be so light relative to it's length/volume, it'll never be at all dangerous regardless of how high you drop it from - its terminal velocity would be tiny. I can drop some yarn, fishing line, whatever, from whichever…

But I thought the whole point of an elevator is you elevate things. Which means the line falling wouldn't be the biggest problem- that would be the payload falling to earth surely?

There shouldn't be much of an issue with designing the the payload as an entry vehicle. Give it the ability to destructively remove itself from the tether, then parachute down. Or just build your tether next to a body of water and have the payload steer into that.

That is if your payload wasn't so high up, it's now on its way to an orbit around earth. I think physically the place of departure should be the periapsis of its orbit, so even with orbital decay through atmospheric drag you'll have long enough to figure where to steer it.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#108

Earlier quoted context omitted.

But I thought the whole point of an elevator is you elevate things. Which means the line falling wouldn't be the biggest problem- that would be the payload falling to earth surely?

The falling line would be a problem still - using fishing line as an example ignores scaling. The seed cable for example in some designs is 20 tons by itself: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator_construction So possible 100s to thousands of tons falling for 5+ days…

Spread out over some drop area that's still just a nuisance. Even falling on one area chances of loss of life are minimal, since due to the gradient of gravity accelerating the top end of the wire the least. It should experience way too much drag to have some sort of whip effect on the ground rather than entering a stable configuration before arrival. You'll see it more-or-less neatly arriving in the right order. The first few grams of material landing on your house is maybe a good warning to get out of the way before the remaining 20 tons are done arriving in a few days.

If you have some thin wire design you could also consider just spooling it up as it drops, either at the base or with portable infrastructure you'll have plenty of time to deploy. If you do that you're just dealing with grams of material/second that you can deal with piecewise. Do this faster than terminal velocity and it'll land exactly where you want it to.

That part is not exactly an engineering challenge if you consider what other other stuff humanity likes to get up to with kilometers of much heavier cables and chains.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#109
post #43

There's a simple point about space elevators that most people ignore. We would only build a space elevator if it made economic sense. Given the reality of construction costs, even if we had the materials, it would like cost many trillions of dollars (at least) so whatever we used it for would have to produce much more value than that. Even more importantly, if we had access to the materials necessary to build space e…

Many technologies are developed long before they are viable because they have military value. Access to space is currently a major national security issue, so a space elevator could be a manhattan project. Some technologies are developed by the free market before they are economically viable too. LEO constellations for instance (both the original - iridium, and starlink).

Iridium considered to be viable, it's just late for few years, when already appear affordable global GSM roaming, when Iridium literally made to be very similar to satellite GSM.

Starlink is totally different beast, as it is magnitudes faster than GSM and literally belongs to broadband Internet, when have virtually global coverage (yes, exists 4G and even 5G, but they don't have global coverage now).

These are somewhere similar to cryptocurrencies, which lose 1st world (and most important market), because created by scientists of 1st world, to solve problems which are not important for first world, and 2nd/3rd worlds are not capable to maintain sustainable development/support of crypto-technologies.

So from first look could appear as cryptocurrencies are not economically viable at all, but I think, their real problem, that 2nd/3rd worlds are too fragmented to gather resources need to develop solution of their problems, not just be involved in works of 1st world developers.

Re: Magnetically levitated space elevator to low-earth orbit (2001) [pdf]

#110

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>developed by the free market >iridium For some reason I was skeptical of this (suspiciously tidy) myth-making, and the more I look into it the more I'm convinced I was right to be skeptical. Turns out the relevant engineers -- Ken Peterson and Ray Leopold -- both worked on military and government communications systems immediately prior to being hired at Motorola and starting the Iridium project. Peterson's bio is r…

Pretty much everything that has to do with space was first developed by governments for military purposes. Rockets, satellites, communications, imaging, etc. I think your point supports the general thesis that many technologies are developed before they are economically viable.

> Pretty much everything that has to do with space was first developed by governments for military purposes. Rockets, satellites, communications, imaging, etc.

No. First works on rockets was conduct by free market, even British Interplanetary Society designed flight to Moon (1938) and Lunar Space Suit (1940), unfortunately these works stay plans. BIS said, this is because too strict British regulations. https://www.bis-space.com/technical-projects/

It is just coincidence, in Germany made first space scale rocket (A-4) and Soviets made first satellite.

Planned first satellite was Vanguard, born in civilian American Rocket Society and used civilian sounding rockets rather than military missiles. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Vanguard https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Rocket_Society

Just after Soviets demonstrate first satellite launch and huge for that time ICBM R-7, US government joined space race and participated in it until Russians shown interest fall

After Russians avoid to show something similar to Apollo program, US government cancelled next launches and switched to minimalist space program, just to support lead in space, because of military considerations.

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