One thing I notice about state-level espionage and backdoors. The USA seems to have an affinity for hardware interdiction as opposed to software backdoors. Hardware backdoors make sense since much of it passes through the USA. Other countries such as Israel are playing the long-con with very well engineered, multi-year software backdoors. A much harder game to play.
> Other countries such as Israel are playing the long-con with very well engineered, multi-year software backdoors What is this in reference to?
They are an Israel based company, that sell zero-click RCEs for phones and more. Such malicious software was involved in the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
Their exploits, developed in-house as well as presumably partially bought on the black market, are some of the most sophisticated exploits found in the wild, e.g. https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2021/12/a-deep-dive-i...
> JBIG2 doesn't have scripting capabilities, but when combined with a vulnerability, it does have the ability to emulate circuits of arbitrary logic gates operating on arbitrary memory. So why not just use that to build your own computer architecture and script that!? That's exactly what this exploit does. Using over 70,000 segment commands defining logical bit operations, they define a small computer architecture with features such as registers and a full 64-bit adder and comparator which they use to search memory and perform arithmetic operations. It's not as fast as Javascript, but it's fundamentally computationally equivalent.