Live data from Hacker News

Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

github.com

131–140 of 500 posts

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#131
post #113

Earlier quoted context omitted.

TIL another interesting browser feature. Thank you.

That's just the usual way of attempting to connect to an HTTP server running on a different port. Sometimes you see websites hosted on port 8080 or something like that.

Oh. Duh.

I suppose I should have said it was a new-to-me use case for that feature.

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#132

It's pretty interesting that they didn't just introduce an RCE that anyone can exploit, it requires the attacker's private key. It's ironically a very security conscious vulnerability.

For real, it's almost like a state-sponsored exploit. It's crafted and executed incredibly well, the performance issue feels like pure luck it got found.

I'm not sure why everyone is 100% sure this was a state-sponsored security breach. I agree that it's more likely than not state-sponsored, but I can imagine all sorts of other groups who would have an interest in something like this, organized crime in particular. Imagine how many banks or crypto wallets they could break into with a RCE this pervasive.

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#133

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Likely a team of people at a three letter agency.

Everyone keeps saying this but it seems unlikely to me that they'd do this for a relatively short window of opportunity and leave their methods for all to see.

My guess is that a ransomware group is behind this. Even if the backdoor had gone into production servers it would have been found fairly quickly if used at some scale.

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#134
> The ciphertext is encrypted with chacha20 using the first 32 bytes of the ED448 public key as a symmetric key. As a result, we can decrypt any exploit attempt using the following key:

Isn't this wild? Shouldn't the ciphertext be encrypted with an ephemeral symmetric key signed by the privkey? I guess anyone with the public key can still read any payload, so what's the point?

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#135

Earlier quoted context omitted.

it was part of the binary malware payload hidden in a binary blob of "test data". In a compression/decompression test suite, a subtly broken allegedly compressed binary blob is not out of place. This suggests we need to audit information flow during builds - the shipping production binary package should be reproduceably buildable without reading test data or test code.

How/why did the test data get bundled into the final library output?

"xz/liblzma: Bash-stage Obfuscation Explained" covers it well

https://gynvael.coldwind.pl/?lang=en&id=782

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#136

It's pretty interesting that they didn't just introduce an RCE that anyone can exploit, it requires the attacker's private key. It's ironically a very security conscious vulnerability.

This is called NOBUS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOBUS

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#137

Stuff like this is why I like port knocking, and limiting access to specific client IPs/networks when possible. 20 years ago, I was working at an ISP/Telco and one of our vendors had a permanent admin account hardcoded on their gear, you couldn't change the password and it didn't log access, or show up as an active user session. Always limit traffic to just what is necessary, does the entire internet really need to b…

> Stuff like this is why I like port knocking, and limiting access to specific client IPs/networks when possible. Indeed: I whitelist hosts/IP blocks allowed to SSH in. I don't use port-knocking but I never ever criticized those using port knocking. I do really wonder if people are still going to say that port knocking is pointless and security theatre: we now have a clear example where people who were using port-kno…

>It seems that we now have a clear proof that it's actually helping versus certain type of attacks (including source-code supply chain attacks).

So would have a vpn or using a bastion host with a custom non standard ssh implementation...

At some point you have to make the choice to not implement a security measure and I would argue that should stop at vpn+standard software for secure access.

If you are a bigger company, probably add SSO and network segmentation with bastion hosts and good logging.

Port Knocking doesn't add any security benefit in the sense that there are known non avoidable security risk aka your transmit your password(knocking) in clear text over the network.

You also add another program with potential vulnerabilities, and as port knocking is not as popular as e.g. sshd, wireguard, maybe it gets less scrutiny and it leads to a supply chain attack?

Security measures are also not free in the sense that somebody has to distribute them and keep the configuration up to date, even if that person is you, that means syncing that connect-to-server-script and keeping it in a secure location on your devices.

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#138

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Port knocking with ssh over https using client certs. And port knocking is one of the few effective methods against the standard distributed brute forcing slow attacks. Note if you blanket-ban IN/RU/UK/CN/HK/TW/IR/MX/BZ/BA + tor/proxies lists, than 99.998% of your nuisance traffic issues disappear overnight. =)

> if you blanket-ban IN/RU/UK/CN/HK/TW/IR/MX/BZ/BA The list of countries there: India, Russia, United Kingdom, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Iran, Mexico, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina I’m amused that the UK is in that group.

I was too, but the past few years their government server blocks have been pen-testing servers without authorization.

It is apparently a free service they offer people even when told to get stuffed.

=)

My spastic ban-hammer active-response list i.e. the entire block gets temporarily black-holed with a single violation: AU BG BR BZ CN ES EE FR GB HR IL IN ID IR IQ JP KG KR KP KW LV MM MX NI NL PA PE PK PL RO RU RS SE SG TW TH TR YE VN UA ZA ZZ

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#139

Stuff like this is why I like port knocking, and limiting access to specific client IPs/networks when possible. 20 years ago, I was working at an ISP/Telco and one of our vendors had a permanent admin account hardcoded on their gear, you couldn't change the password and it didn't log access, or show up as an active user session. Always limit traffic to just what is necessary, does the entire internet really need to b…

The thing about port knocking is that if you're on a host where you don't have the ability to port-knock, then you're not able to connect. This can turn into a footgun: you're away from your usual device, something happens and you desperately need to connect, but now you can't because all the devices in your vicinity don't have the ability to perform $SECURITY_FEATURE_X so that you can connect, and you're screaming a…

You can as well find yourself on a host that doesn't have SSH or network that filters SSH traffic for security reasons.

Re: Xzbot: Notes, honeypot, and exploit demo for the xz backdoor

#140
post #107
post #24

Earlier quoted context omitted.

*host key fingerprint, but I assume what you've meant. It's practically a good backdoor then, crypto graphically protected and safe against "re-play" attacks.

Not quite. It still looks vulnerable: an attacker A without the private key impersonates a victim server V and reports their host key. A careless attacker B with the key tries to attack A, but an ends up recovering a valid payload targeting V.

I'm not too familar with the SSH protocol, but is it possible to impersonate a victim server V without having the private key to their host key?
Post reply on HN