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Home Lab Beginners guide

linuxblog.io

221–230 of 400 posts

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#221

I'm stuck trying to understand what exactly a home lab is: Apparently a computer at home that has similarities with common production servers? Here's my naive question: What is the point of a home lab, i.e. what makes it better than running stuff on the machine you're developing? I can see some advantages in networking applications (as mentioned in the article), but I have the impression this is not too critical for…

Yeah, what exactly is Lego? Painting? Playing music? Model railroad? Ham radio?

It’s a place to learn while playing pretend. LARPing enterprise IT if you like. Why wonder what the point is?

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#222

I know it's becoming the new "I use arch btw" meme but if you go down this route I highly recommend using nix as the distro. Ideally you can just leave these systems running once they're working and using nix means all your system state is logged in git. No more "wait, how did I fix that thing 6mo ago?" or having to manually put the system back together after a Ubuntu dist upgrade explodes. Every change you've made,…

I actually went the complete opposite way and I run RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux - with the developer subcription) or RockyLinux at home.

Because:

> "wait, how did I fix that thing 6mo ago?"

Such things just don't happen. That thing (RHEL/RockyLinux) just doesn't break. I do update software once every six (or more) months, reboot and it just works.

I have notes on how I did stuff, if necessary. I used to keep ansible playbooks but they were just an overkill. Does it even make sense to write a playbook for a system that I'll reinstall in three or four years ? Probably not.

One of my main systems at home has been running RHEL 8 for 3-4 years, still happily getting updates. I plan on replacing the whole box, with another one running RockyLinux 9.

And I'm moving from RHEL to RockyLinux because I just don't want the yearly annoyance of having to renew the Developer Subscription license.

That's how reliable it is: I have to look up my notes once a year, and it's too much.

I run most of my stuff in containers anyway, and podman is just great.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#223
post #39

Earlier quoted context omitted.

In addition to that, I don't think people should overthink the rack as an essential component. I like racks as much as the next guy and homelab racks look really cool but for usability and learning, just go with whatever you like. I personally have 4 boxes stacked in a corner that are connected to a "rack", which is just two rack side panels bolted to the back of a workbench that I screw components into, connected to…

This is because like many things this is a rich man's hobby. See mechanical keyboards for example.

I don't know if I'd call myself a "hobbyist" for keyboards, but my mechanical keyboard that I am typing this on, and that I bought in 2021, cost me $35 after tax. Obviously not the cheapest keyboard in the world, but also within the reach of nearly any employed person in a rich country like the US or UK.

I posted this in a sibling comment, but it doesn't really have to be expensive regardless. I got started with the homelab stuff with a partially broken laptop. Considering that that laptop was about to go into the trash, I consider that (sort of) free to get started, but even if you don't have an old laptop lying around you can purchase a used "Craigslist Special" for basically nothing, generally less than $200, and often much much much less because you probably have a friend or coworker that has an old laptop lying around that they'd be happy if you took off their hands. Old laptops are kind of in this frustrating category of being "too good to throw away, but not good enough to use", so people will often hoard them inadvertently. Additionally, they're extremely ubiquitous; most households in the US have at least one laptop, and often at least one per person.

Even rack mount servers (used) cost very little, at least upfront. My server with 128gb of RAM and 24 cores was $150, but of course the power draw is where most of the cost for that comes from, so for those you could argue that they're a rich man's hobby.

ETA:

For those interested, the listing I ordered from a few years ago on Amazon appears to have mutated into a different item, but this one appears to be an identical product. I think for the price it's actually a really decent keyboard. I'm able to get about 120WPM on MonkeyType with it, for what it's worth.

https://www.amazon.com/Mechanical-Keyboard-Ultra-Slim-Anti-G...

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#224
post #39

The article is good, but it is intimidating buy its size and scope. A homelab could be a single NUC on a desk. I have one with 64GB RAM and it could fit so so many things. NUCs are very efficient to run 24/7, but become noisy with sustained CPU load. For that one could grow the setup with OptiPlex or Precision Tower (can haz ECC) SFF from eBay. These Dell SFFs are very good, quite small yet proper desktops/servers wi…

In addition to that, I don't think people should overthink the rack as an essential component. I like racks as much as the next guy and homelab racks look really cool but for usability and learning, just go with whatever you like. I personally have 4 boxes stacked in a corner that are connected to a "rack", which is just two rack side panels bolted to the back of a workbench that I screw components into, connected to…

Or as a compromise, you can buy strips of appropriately spaced/sized square-punched metal angle; before I moved I built a shelf unit designed so that the depth of the shelf was correct (19" between posts plus a bit for the sheet metal thickness) for a rack, I had access to the side so I had a combination shelf & rack. People do similarly with Ikea tables ('lack rack'). Nice thing about the shelves was that I could buy a short strip (it was maybe 12U) and if I'd outgrown it I could've just removed a shelf and added another strip.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#225

I'm stuck trying to understand what exactly a home lab is: Apparently a computer at home that has similarities with common production servers? Here's my naive question: What is the point of a home lab, i.e. what makes it better than running stuff on the machine you're developing? I can see some advantages in networking applications (as mentioned in the article), but I have the impression this is not too critical for…

>what exactly a home lab

Its murky because there is a bit of backstory. There used to be a homeserver subreddit. The people running commercial heavy rack servers got fed up with the peasants and created homelab sub. Then overall quality & vibe in homeserver sub dipped so everyone migrated over to homelab. So now you've got everything under the sun that is at home and switched on 24/7 being called a "homelab". Leading understandably to people being confused about the term

>What is the point of a home lab

People do it for different reasons - "own your own data", learning (IaC/docker/kubernetes/networking). It's also quite empowering for experimentation. Most of these setups are running hypervisors. So creating a VM is a 20 second affair. That sort of blank slate is useful to me for dev work. Local gitlab server, local CI runners, local kubernetes cluster, postgres server. It's all there, free, fast, accessible and ignoring initial layout effectively free.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#226

The article is good, but it is intimidating buy its size and scope. A homelab could be a single NUC on a desk. I have one with 64GB RAM and it could fit so so many things. NUCs are very efficient to run 24/7, but become noisy with sustained CPU load. For that one could grow the setup with OptiPlex or Precision Tower (can haz ECC) SFF from eBay. These Dell SFFs are very good, quite small yet proper desktops/servers wi…

Personally, I really like odroid H2/H3 units (0). Much cheaper then Nuc's, DDR4 SO-DIMMs up to 64G, very low power draw, and X86 based so no compatibility issues. No where near as powerful as desktops but more then enough for running basic home lab stuff. I used to use a half rack full of Xeon based Dell and HP blades - but the blade chassis are huge/heavy and the power usage was HUGE! 0) https://ameridroid.com/produ…

How much is "huge"? My HP Proliant idles around 175W, and even running Folding@Home it only peaks at around 300W. Considering that I used lots of incandescent light bulbs throughout my house, each about 60W, 175W doesn't really seem that bad to me.

Granted, this is one server. If you have a bunch of them running at high load all at once then of course that can get pretty pricey power-wise.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#227

A bit of a tangent but I want to sing the praises of Proxmox for home servers. I've run some sort of Linux server in my home for 25 years now, always hand-managing a single Ubuntu (or whatever) system. It's a huge pain. Proxmox makes it very easy to have multiple containers and VMs on a single hardware device. I started by just virtualizing the one big Ubuntu system. Even that has advantages: backups, high availabili…

And a huge win that it makes it so easy to have distributed storage. Ceph is built-in and works well. Being able to add disks as needed is bliss (no RAID planning up front). And the rebuild situation is better than any RAID. Performance is adequate for homelab even on a 1gbps network. I have about 10 SSDs mixed 1TB and 2TB across 5 hosts (old Optiplex units).

That sounds interesting, I'm only tangentially familiar with Ceph so forgive these stupid questions: So you have the Ceph "array" running on the Proxmox nodes, and then are your VHDs like objects on Ceph? Do you also use Ceph for direct data storage or are all your files and data within VM's VHDs?

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#228
post #169

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I want to love arch, but it is way too complicated. I _love_ complicated things, but arch just didn't seem worth it. My home lab journey was: manual installs -> Ansible -> Docker + Docker Compose -> Kubernetes (I told you I loved complicated things) I kept everything source controlled. This repo documents my long journey: https://github.com/shepherdjerred/servers Docker and Docker Compose are nearly perfect. Here's a…

I use a single to set everything up, including docker and docker compose. most applications are running in docker compose. but ansible allows me to handle all the hard drive mounts and other stuff that can't be run inside docker containers.

That's not a bad idea!

I didn't mind manually installing Docker, configuring fstab, etc., since it was such little work.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#229

I'll go against the grain and recommend running your lab on Windows 11 Pro and Hyper V (often included with reclaimed PCs). Hyper-V is a very capable hypervisor and Windows hardware compatibility is excellent. Remote mgmt can be done over RDP, SSH or WMI Nearly everyone has a spare PC lying around collecting dust, and within an hour it can be running a dozen VMs . Reclaimed HP & Dells are cheap and include a Windows…

How do you handle the fact that Windows 11 is a desktop OS and it tends to want to do whatever it feels like restarting for updates and such. I would imagine it's a bit of a pain to have the system reboot at random, killing your VMs etc.

Re: Home Lab Beginners guide

#230

The article is good, but it is intimidating buy its size and scope. A homelab could be a single NUC on a desk. I have one with 64GB RAM and it could fit so so many things. NUCs are very efficient to run 24/7, but become noisy with sustained CPU load. For that one could grow the setup with OptiPlex or Precision Tower (can haz ECC) SFF from eBay. These Dell SFFs are very good, quite small yet proper desktops/servers wi…

My first homelab thing was a laptop with a broken monitor. It wasn't terribly hard to get Ubuntu server working on there, it had a gigabit ethernet port built in, and it had USB 3.0 so it wasn't too hard to get reasonably good hard drive speeds to use as a NAS. You can buy old used laptops (especially with broken monitors) for basically nothing (or maybe literally nothing if you already have one, or you have a friend…

That's my setup. I decided to use old laptops instead of proper servers because power cuts are common in the region I live, especially when it rains. So laptops have built in UPS (their batteries) which can hold power for some minutes in the worst cases. It sounds like a poor man's home lab, but it works.
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