SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) an international convention (ie International Law agreed by most countries) is indeed in big part a result of Titanic. SOLAS covers a
lot of safety improvements and has continued to improve over time especially after a later version of the treaty makes updates "tacitly accepted" basically instead of signing treaties periodically the members agree that they're all automatically bound by any changed rules unless enough of them object. SOLAS is handled by IMO, the UN's specialized agency for the sea, which is based in London, on the far side of the Thames not terribly far from Westminster.
Unfortunately the thing most people remember (and which you highlighted) is life boats and, perhaps those are actually a bad idea, at least for most ships.
Here's how that goes: SOLAS requires life boats, but almost always you won't use them. Titanic is a rare example of a situation where life boats are very useful, an ocean linear breaks apart in the middle of the ocean. In most cases you're not very far from land, and so almost always you just get the people onto land and maybe the ship is damaged/ destroyed or maybe not, that's just stuff and it's insured. Fire? Control the fire, go to port. Hole in the ship? Pumps control sinking, go to port. Engine failure? Tow the ship to port. So in all these cases you don't use the life boats, doing so is basically a last resort.
But, even though you would very rarely need them, likely never for a vessel which operates close to shore, they must be maintained periodically because SOLAS, and maintenance of lifeboats is pretty dangerous because they're on the outside of a ship. So you may end up killing or seriously injuring more people by having lifeboats.