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The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

daviddfriedman.substack.com

41–50 of 160 posts

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#41
post #37
post #31

"In the history of Western culture no legal system has ever made a more valiant effort to perfect its safeguards and thereby to exclude completely the possibility of mistaken conviction" Reminds me of a law that was repealed recently in Germany. They wanted to "reopen" cases where people were already found not guilty, when new technology would find new evidence. In one case, a murderer was found not guilty, and later…

That is called "double jeopardy". It is explicitly prohibited in most legal systems. Even where it isn't explicitly prohibited, it's generally assumed as a basic principle (like innocent until proven guilty). It's basic: if someone can be retried because of new evidence, the prosecution will introduce a little bit more evidence (probably evidence they intentionally held back!) after each acquittal, and try them again…

Innocent until proven guilty isn't generally assumed. Look at India.

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#42

He didn’t mention that the plea deal doesn’t care if you are innocent and even if you are innocence and are found innocent you might do 3 years in jail awaiting trial (bail is for wealthy people)

There are even people waiting 10+ years for a trial. https://reason.com/2023/07/26/he-spent-10-years-behind-bars-... This is clearly the best justice. Believe me. We have triumphed over evil like nobody has seen before. I believe it’s a rough situation over there. There’s no question about it. The past does not have to define the future. It’s idealistic, it’s wonderful, it’s a beautiful thing.

[dead]

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#43

He didn’t mention that the plea deal doesn’t care if you are innocent and even if you are innocence and are found innocent you might do 3 years in jail awaiting trial (bail is for wealthy people)

For us mere peasants, there is a term "preventive detention" such they say is NOT an arrest so you do not have rich things like habeas corpus or bail. Plus, this is usually pre-crime detention so there is no crime, no case, no enquiry, no courts. Its fun https://www.legalservicesindia.com/law/article/5001/5/Preven... Another nice thing t was held that the law of preventive detention is not unconstitutional since it h…

For American commentators, this is a Commonwealth holdover from British Colonial jurisprudence (Australia, NZ, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa).

Should be done away with, but it most likely won't be as long as Indian Law and Order concentrates more on "Order" and less on "Law".

Also the chronic lack of Judges in India is a major issue impacting bail.

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#44
post #12
post #6

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How is offering a lesser punishment "manipulation"? As a defendant, it's simply a choice - "Do I think I can beat this case?". If you don't think you can, then you take the lesser punishment. If you think you can beat it, you decline it because the better choice is "no punishment at all".

> How is offering a lesser punishment "manipulation"? It's part of a larger manipulative pattern. Since you can increase the penalties for jury convictions to absurd levels, like the USA has done, even a "lesser" plea bargain punishment can still be more punitive than most nations' jury conviction punishments. Plus, as the length of a jury conviction punishment increases, the threshold at which one's willing to risk…

> Since you can increase the penalties for jury convictions to absurd levels

What? Juries follow the law and the prescribed punishments. Maybe you're thinking of civil penalties?

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#45
post #31

"In the history of Western culture no legal system has ever made a more valiant effort to perfect its safeguards and thereby to exclude completely the possibility of mistaken conviction" Reminds me of a law that was repealed recently in Germany. They wanted to "reopen" cases where people were already found not guilty, when new technology would find new evidence. In one case, a murderer was found not guilty, and later…

Although my first reaction is to support the idea of being able to retry cases when new evidence emerges, I can see the pitfalls if this were applied in a real-world justice system. There would have to be some pretty big barriers to overcome to prevent abuse (on the usual suspects, the poor and/or people the police/politicians just don't like) and then more rules to make sure those barriers themselves aren't used as…

I totally understand where they coming from.

Nevertheless, this loophole gives guilty people plausible deniability, since the system can never be sure to find the truth.

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#46
post #37
post #31

"In the history of Western culture no legal system has ever made a more valiant effort to perfect its safeguards and thereby to exclude completely the possibility of mistaken conviction" Reminds me of a law that was repealed recently in Germany. They wanted to "reopen" cases where people were already found not guilty, when new technology would find new evidence. In one case, a murderer was found not guilty, and later…

That is called "double jeopardy". It is explicitly prohibited in most legal systems. Even where it isn't explicitly prohibited, it's generally assumed as a basic principle (like innocent until proven guilty). It's basic: if someone can be retried because of new evidence, the prosecution will introduce a little bit more evidence (probably evidence they intentionally held back!) after each acquittal, and try them again…

There is that "factual innocence is not a reason to let the convict goes, because somehow magically knowing an innocent person is in prison makes justice system more trustworthy" supreme court gem.

There should be obvious difference between "minor new development" and "major new finding". Likewise, there should be obvious difference between "potentially innocent person is in prison" and "prosecutor wants new attempt situations.

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#47
post #29
post #17

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> If the prosecutor thinks it's a slam dunk, they have little incentive to offer a plea bargain at all > 97% of convictions are based on plea bargains Taken together, these mean prosecutors generally don't have good enough evidence to put people away, which is the thrust of the article: it's easier to threaten someone into a confession than to have a proper trial.

> Taken together, these mean prosecutors generally don't have good enough evidence to put people away, which is the thrust of the article: it's easier to threaten someone into a confession than to have a proper trial. Generally? No. Sometimes? Sure. And yes, you could view it as a threat. That's the nature of a adversarial justic system. The same way that police will tell you they'll arrest you for standing on a side…

> The same way that police will tell you they'll arrest you for standing on a sidewalk.

That is police abuse tho. In a sane controlled police system, no they can not threaten you with arrest for standing on a sidewalk.

> It's why we provide legal services to defendants

Public defenders are notoriously overburdened and have massively limited resources. They are less likely to get you bail and you are much easier to be coerced when you wait in jail for months.

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#49
post #44
post #12

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> How is offering a lesser punishment "manipulation"? It's part of a larger manipulative pattern. Since you can increase the penalties for jury convictions to absurd levels, like the USA has done, even a "lesser" plea bargain punishment can still be more punitive than most nations' jury conviction punishments. Plus, as the length of a jury conviction punishment increases, the threshold at which one's willing to risk…

> Since you can increase the penalties for jury convictions to absurd levels What? Juries follow the law and the prescribed punishments. Maybe you're thinking of civil penalties?

Juries do not decide punishments. They are often times NOT allowed to even know what punishments are (the thinking is that they would be more likely to acquit when those punishments would feel too hard for them).

Re: The origin of the law of torture: A cautionary tale

#50

>In 1215 the fourth Lateran council rejected the religious legitimacy of judicial ordeals and banned priests from participating in them. Over the next few decades most European countries abandoned their use. I'm not sure if this is true. There was definitely trial by ordeal in the 16th and 17th century.

Wikipedia suggests that although they still sometime occurred, they had become quite rare in Europe, which seems consistent with the blog post. The fact that they were forbidden by the Catholic church certainly supports this.

> Priestly cooperation in trials by fire and water was forbidden by Pope Innocent III at the Fourth Lateran Council of 1215 and replaced by compurgation. Trials by ordeal became rarer over the Late Middle Ages, but the practice was not discontinued until the 16th century. Certain trials by ordeal would continue to be used into the 17th century in witch-hunts.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_by_ordeal

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