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An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

arxiv.org

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Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#91

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Try to use VPN. You will get captcha with tons of bicycles to click...

Why is the UI such a pain in the ass, when it's designed to be used by humans ?! Why do I have to click 8 individual boxes and can't just drag-select an area. I hate those captchas with a passion.

And the infuriatingly slow fade out and in when it changes pictures. It seems designed to frustrate humans.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#92

The solution could be a cryptocurrency which can be mined in the browser. Hashcash, which was one of the inspirations for Bitcoin, was initially invented to prevent email spam. Consumer devices have a lot of spare CPU and RAM. So a proof-of-work algorithm which consumes those resources for a minute might work? If it generates $0.01 for the website owner in that minute, maybe that would work?

Wouldn't any proof of work be just as easy for a computer to achieve as a human?

Yes, but it's more of an anti spam measure.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#93

The solution could be a cryptocurrency which can be mined in the browser. Hashcash, which was one of the inspirations for Bitcoin, was initially invented to prevent email spam. Consumer devices have a lot of spare CPU and RAM. So a proof-of-work algorithm which consumes those resources for a minute might work? If it generates $0.01 for the website owner in that minute, maybe that would work?

Just what we need, another way to waste energy

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#94

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Solving captchas is pretty rare nowadays. Now you usually just press a button and then it does some sort of fingerprinting to determine if you're a human.

If you make zero attempts toward privacy maybe. Just turn on a commercial VPN or Tor and you'll find that your quality of life can quickly become severely damaged by captchas. I cant even do a Google search without a captcha so I started using Mullvad Leta as a proxy.

I block ads and stuff but you're right that I don't use VPNs or Tor.

A lot of bots also use VPNs and Tor so captchas being a pain in the ass is probably working as intended, that way most people won't bother using services like that? This is different from regular internet users, there is no reason to make their life more difficult than necessary.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#95

Earlier quoted context omitted.

With a token, you probably get a higher efficiency. Similar to how a heatpump is more efficient than a heater. If you only consume resources on the client side, then you hope that an attacker thinks "I won't invest $0.01 of resources just to log in here". If you also transfer the consumed resources to the server, you get an additional benefit: The server thinks "$0.01 is enough to cover the costs of a fake signup". A…

I think a fairer solution will be some form of proof of personhood that isn't PoW-based. Your idea isn't bad but it gives more power to those who can afford a lot of devices. You know those Chinese mobile phone click farms they use to game app stores? It will be like that, PoW can prevent spam only to a certain degree and with all the social media and networks we have today there is a lot of money in influencing the…

But is it worth billions? You just need to increase the cost 1000 fold and pay it back after a holding period to implement that.

The drawback is it gets a lot more complex when using a token, because of the additional state, communication, costs and security.

A one shot proof of work can be very simple, but probably not effective enough, given that mobile users likely do not want to wait what may have to be many minutes and drain their battery.

Freezing a cent or a dollar for days seems like a better option. Might very well be that VISA/MasterCard figures this out before the crypto bros build anything usable. It will be far easier to do without decentralization and would also be great to spy on and control people.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#96
post #73

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Because automated systems operating at scale outstrip the ability of the administrator to maintain the service provided.

If each additional user is not adding additional revenue that exceeds the cost of that user (automated or not), you don't have a business model.

But if you can keep the bots off your bandwidth you don't necessarily need a business model, depending on what you intend to share online.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#97

I guess validating a payment card is going to be the next step to sign up for whatever. Don’t allow pre paid BINs and let’s go. Gonna be pretty miserable, however someone needs to find something as I currently would rather pay 0.01$ instead of solving a captcha. Especially the select all the bicycles; it’s a waste of life.

Please. Last time I had to solve a captcha it was wasted 15 minutes (not exaggerating!) of my life, clicking on an endless stream of bikes, motorcycles, buses and stoplights. As punishment for using a vpn.

I've managed that without a VPN - although I do have poor sight.

It also does not help that the shown busses, water hydrants, pavements look totally unfamiliar to me. (Why aren't captures taken from all over the world Indian busses would be fun - London ones would be too boring)

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#99

Earlier quoted context omitted.

All true, except: While these are considered just an excruciating security pain for users, they do serve a non-theatrical purpose in many cases of throttling the speed of brute force attacks (or at least costing your opponent money).

GPT-4 (in)famously tricked a human to do a captcha for it. The current GPT-4 with vision would probably have been able to do it without the human, but maybe it has been “gaslit” by all the content online saying that only humans can solve captchas, that it doesn’t consider it?

It’s safety trained to not solve captchas.

Re: An Empirical Study and Evaluation of Modern CAPTCHAs

#100
As best as I can tell this study explores many facets of how humans solve captchas. I couldn't find anything about AIs outperforming humans in the study. Can someone give me a section reference?

Solving reCAPTCHA v2/v3 requires more than just clicking the box and an image puzzle. If that was all it was we would be overrun by now.

Lots of folks commenting that the title's statement makes sense because CAPTCHAs are meant to train AIs. While this is broadly true, that's a nice side effect. The way modern CAPTCHAs like reCaptcha V2+ work, is they monitor behavioral analytics-- from things like your browsing history to how your mouse moves on the page. This is why most of the time, most people only need to click a box. I'm not sure there's a LMM out there that includes mouse movement as a modality.

The kinds of AIs that are designed to beat CAPTCHAs also don't have the data from Google et al to use to train, unless we're concerned Google is training it's own bots to bypass CAPTCHAs, I suppose it's not inconceivable?

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