Earlier quoted context omitted.
Principia was an attempt to derive math from logical ground up, motivated by ideas about the foundations of mathematics and logic (wrong ones, it turned out). Knuth is more like A Magical Mystery Tour of Algorithms, wherein Knuth is both tour guide and man behind the curtain.
"Wrong" is too strong. The fundamental bases it used are not generally used today, but it was the first of its kind and inspired much. Many of its details are still fine. If you are interested in the underlying goal of Principia Mathematica, I urge you to check out the Metamath Proof Explorer (MPE): https://us.metamath.org/mpeuni/mmset.html By itself, Metamath doesn't have built-in axioms. MPE uses Metamath to first…
Don’t get me wrong, PM is marvelous and there’s no gainsaying its enormous historical impact.
If your characterization of Metamath is correct, I don’t think that’s in the spirit of PM at all. One of the major problems PM had was the rejection of (what later became) the Axiom of Choice in favor of Russell’s convoluted theory of types. Indeed, that set theory (ZFC) is needed to get the rest of the way R&W were trying to go is one of the signal failures of the logicist program behind PM.