Earlier quoted context omitted.
A gasoline based ICE is so incredibly inefficient it needs to shed heat or it would melt down. It makes more heat than that it makes motive power (the thing it is designed to do...). A 50 KW engine makes 200 KW(!!) of heat (at full throttle). Most of that heat energy exits the system through the exhaust gases but there is plenty that gets stuck in the body of the engine and you need to remove it from there somehow be…
>Some diesels got so efficient though that they needed an extra in-line heater to have enough heat for the cabin in specific operating domains I live on the top of a hill, so the first seven minutes or so of me driving anywhere is coasting at minimum engine power. Once air temp gets below 10C it's a long, slow painful wait for the vents to start blowing warm air. Especially unfortunate when you're waiting for the def…
Most diesel cars equipped with EGR also detect its (frequent in older cars) failures, but I suppose it's possible to have a fault without it being detected.
EGR is responsible for recirculating exhaust gases back into the intake primarily to increase efficiency, but a nice side effect is that it heats up the engine a lot quicker.
Also, many diesel cars sold around here since 2000 or so are equipped with a resistance heater that kicks in when the engine is cold. Perhaps that's different in other markets.