Earlier quoted context omitted.
It will be very difficult, but if you think about nuclear weapons it doesn't sound so hopeless. First nuclear weapons were used in 1945, almost 80 years ago. Today, out of ~ 200 countries in the world only 9 have nukes. Of those, only 4 did it after Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty. South Africa had them and gave them up under international pressure. Ukraine and other former soviet republics voluntarily ga…
Getting uranium, the hardware to have nukes, and all the research and production around it is hard without being detected. Starting to code AI on a Mac and a few good GPUs or even a cluster without being detected is crazy easy. Even if they start to treat the most powerful GPUs as small nukes and only a few can have them it’s super easy to steal, transport, store, use… Nukes not so much.
There is some risk that over time people will be able to do more with less, and eventually you can train an AGI with a few dozen A100s. If that happens I agree there's nothing you can do, but until then there is a chance.