Earlier quoted context omitted.
> The idea that your muscles have enough strength on the upstroke to contribute meaningfully to cycling is actually a bit of a misunderstanding. Absolutely not, and there are plenty of easy counterexamples. If you've ever raced track, team pursuits start from a dead standstill. You have to expend a ton of force to turn a huge gear, and the contribution of the lifting leg is crucial to getting up to speed. Of course i…
>the contribution of the lifting leg is crucial to getting up to speed This might feel true, but it isn't. Buy or borrow a dual-sensing power meter (Garmin Rally, SRM X-Power etc) and you can see for yourself - there's practically no useful power in the upstroke. Toe clips or clipless pedals can extend the power stroke, but only by a few degrees at the bottom of the stroke. https://bythlon-pedal.myshopify.com/pages/t…
I'd guess the highest power and torque outputs in cycling are from track sprinters. If you look at what they use it's both cleated pedals and straps.
No matter how they're generating that torque they definitely don't want to slip off a pedal going full tilt.
Riding a hardtail I always want clipless pedals because I don't want to have have my ankles at a weird angle just to grip pedals when I go over something rooty.
> When paired with suitable rims, the reduction in rolling resistance of wider tyres more than compensates for the penalty of increased weight and drag.
Unless you include specific conditions you can't really say that a hard, narrow tyre won't be faster with any confidence.
At some point having even wider tyres will only slow you down because the surface bumps don't get any bigger but the cda of your front tyre and rolling resistance due to hysteresis keep increasing.
e.g. a 4" fat bike tyre at 0.5bar is not going to be faster in a velodrome than a 23mm tub at 7bar just because they're wider. If you were riding on snow or cobblestones however...