Earlier quoted context omitted.
Open source does not mean you can look at the source code. Open source is defined by the OSI. If it is not using and OSI-approved license and claims to be open source it is open washing. Call it shared source or something else. This is a long since settled debate.
Yes, it does. It's the opposite of closed source, and the meaning is implied by the word open. OSI isn't authoritative of the term.
Regardless of what other uses the word open has/had, "open source" was defined by OSI and they are authoritative over the term.