As a user I still don't understand this. What happens if there's a house fire or something and all my devices where I'm logged in with Google break? How do I log into my account again?
I don't know how Google solved this, but it's an old solution. Shamir secret sharing. You break apart your keys into M pieces, where you need N pieces to reconstruct the key, so let's say 3/8. Then you need 3 pieces out of the 8 pieces it's broken into to recover your key. You take each of those 8 pieces and give to trusted sources. When you need to reconstruct your key, you have at least 3 of those give you the key…
Very very cool.
But also completely unrealistic for the average person to use.