Caste discrimination is an issue in the home country, but it is pretty cut and dry here in the US.
I have the rare distinction of not being upper caste, but 'passing' as one. I get to hear the conversations of upper castes as a fly on the wall. But in some groups I am open about my caste, letting me see the other side.
Honestly, caste is total non-factor in the US. There are cliques within the Indian community, but caste is not the main favor. The main type of discrimination is between FOB immigrants vs American-Indians.Other than that, American-Indians are fully integrated, to the point of barely knowing caste, let alone discriminating based on it.
Among immigrants, IIT vs non-IITian ivy-league style snobbishness can happen. Second, those who did their undergrad in the US usually come from the rich class of india, and innocently as it may be, end up maintaining those rich-people cliques. Grad students are often less-well off and can feel left out. both groups harbor resentment towards Infosys/TCS style L1/H1bs who are seen to abuse immigration loopholes. Lastly, cliques are linguistic. It is less discriminatory, more based on feeling comfortable communicating with those who speak the same native language.
But none of these are based on caste. Yes, caste may be correlated with class given their economic differences. But people get the casual directions wrong and the correlation is much smaller then these accusations claim. Indians in the US are obsessed with merit. If you can signal merit, nothing else matters.
Note: Urban and Northern American whites are largely of English and German descent. Southern, Appalachia and flyover state whites are overwhelmingly scots-irish. Due to clear regional cultural and accent differences, it's considered acceptable to ridicule and discriminate against scots-irish Americans from 'bumfuck nowhere'. These groups don't inter-marry and the economic differences between both groups are vast. Yet, the average American doesn't understand this. They consider themselves 'woke' and happily continue discriminating on visible class signals. What they don't realize, is that even among whites, the class signals are strongly correlated with sub-racial identity & genetically distinct people.
You may not call it caste, but that's caste. At least with Indian class differences, both aspire to be better urban-white Americans. On the other hand, with whites, one group starts off an urban-white American while the other group is denied their identity despite being a so-called native of independent USA.