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I wish someone did an analysis to determine why my intel-based macbook is so incredibly laggy all the time, even after fresh system installation. I can't shake the feeling that Apple Silicon is so much faster that performance issues just got into the system without anyone at Apple bothering to fix them, and Intel macs suffer as a result.
It's overheating and the (my) problems came from: - loading the battery and powering the device - high gpu power usage when plugging in a external monitor - cpu power usage - bad cooling which must be cleaned often My recommendations: Plug in the power from the right side. Afaik the thermal throttling kicks in sooner if you have it plugged in on the left. Clean the device. Unfortunately it really sucks to open it. Yo…
At this point the most likely culprit is the battery, mine is at 789 cycles although the condition is reported as "normal". I wish it were possible to confirm whether battery is an issue before spending couple hundred $ on replacement though