Live data from Hacker News

CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

github.com

291–300 of 301 posts

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#291

I know that naming is hard, and it has already been mentioned in the comments here but... I can't believe that somebody named a programming language with the exact same name as an existing natural language spoken by millions of people. It just seems like a bizarre decision that can't be a benefit at all and can only have negative consequences. Just googling things about it is going to be hard. Why immediately create…

This hasn't seemed to help or hurt the popularity of other languages. You've got hot beverages, single letters, snakes, gemstones, two letter verbs, oxidized steel, languages where two thirds of the name are symbols, etc. It doesn't seem to matter. It appears that society, and search engines, are well-equipped to deal with the concept of homonyms.

They're even languages named: basic, pascal, java, rust, go, zig, dart, eifel, camel, python, ruby, julia, scheme, racket, joy, mad, coq, lean, ...

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#292
post #269

The naming choice is really unfortunate. It's like naming a programming language "français", or "Deutsch" (or "English"). From the bottom of the readme: > The language is named after Pierre Catala I'd suggest changing it to PierreLang then.

"The language is named after Pierre Catala, a professor of law who pionneered the French legaltech by creating a computer database of law cases, Juris-Data."

As a native Catalan speaker I was quite surprised with the name! But it makes sense, since it's quite a common surname!

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#293

What problem does this solve? It appears to add precision where it's mostly already clear - perhaps it can enforce some kind of rigor... but then like the example given uses "fair market value" as a term which I'd expect to be the kind of thing that's in contention, rather than any of the actual "logic", and it doesn't help with that. The reason we have courts and lawyers is because of the need for interpretation bey…

Catala still produces plaintext legal documents at the end of the day but can be seen as a markup language for those documents. But because that markup language is a whole lot more precise than the legal text itself, it can be a bit more versatile. Examples of how this could be useful: - Reducing the overhead for maintaining a list of semantic translations of that legal code into other languages. Of course the offici…

According to the example in the readme, it's specially for text law that produce codes… So it should be a road to some literal programming or implementation proven.

Example of text law that should/may become code somewhere: the senate vote to give pension to veterans that meet some criteria… But there already exist less known rules for some cases and they may be incompatible.

I think that coupled with some kind of prolog, it may help detecting inconsistencies early.

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#294

Earlier quoted context omitted.

This is quite a misunderstanding of how the law actually works, probably enhanced by lots of lawyer TV emphasizing obscure wording tricks. In reality, laws are already written in a relatively normal language, and the words almost always mean exactly what they mean in plain English. The only problem is that the legal concepts they describe are themselves complex, and often they end up in a tangle of references to othe…

IANAL but from my experience reading laws, they're written in a way that looks like it's trying to replicate programming-language-esque nested logic, but in prose format—instead of using physical layout to establish the relationships between concepts, they use words, which I find more confusing. I would rather read laws written in a more structured format.

But all structured format use words, and they're many programming language that are prose since COBOL. No one want to write laws in APL or assembly like.

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#295

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Speed limits is one example.

in many countries speed limits are quite clear cut through "clear cut" here sometimes still involve an assessment of danger which fundamentally isn't 100% objective and e.g. in germany you are only allowed to "drive as fast as it's save" even if the speed limit is higher (and that is a common occurrence, e.g. resident areas tend to be 30km/h zones but you have to slow down at nearly every crossing because anything el…

Thanks for the reply. Just a little spelling mistake, it’s “safe.” Besides that you write English better than me (a native) :P

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#296

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> How many people have been improperly punsihed/set free because of a poor interpretation of the word "child" in a specific law? How many improperly punished people is good enough? How many cases go to Supreme Court because the amount of needless ambiguity just adds up, one word at a time? > This is far more relevant than every law taking up valuable space to define what such a common word means. Right? Why do many l…

I don't know how many is good enough. If it's every other person, than that's bad; if it's two people since the law was written 50 years ago, I would say that's good enough in my book. Which is it? And no, cases don't often make it to the Supreme Court because the wording of the law is ambiguous. They make it to the SC because the parties disagree on legal principles and on whether laws are unconstituional or not. >…

> And no, cases don't often make it to the Supreme Court because the wording of the law is ambiguous. They make it to the SC because the parties disagree on legal principles and on whether laws are unconstituional or not.

I don’t see how those are exclusionary principles. Also, I have never heard about this case, but after some simple googling I learned that the Supreme Court indeed had to figure out the definition for children in a particular law: https://berkeleysolicitors.ie/supreme-court-determines-defin...

> Still, this seems to be the opposite problem compared to what was raised earlier.

No, it is the same problem I mentioned before: some laws define it in a contradictory way; some laws don’t define it. I told you it’s a fun exercise!

> Do we want laws to be more explicit about their exact definitions of words, or more implicit?

I want laws to make sense. Inconsistency doesn’t make sense and only brings troubles. Vagueness is good. Ambiguity is bad.

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#297

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The words almost always mean almost exactly what they mean in plain English. That’s why the law is a huge mess. As a fun exercises, try to find how many definitions of “child” there are in the US law and how many times it’s used undefined.

It isnt a bug it is a feature. There is a point in law sometimes being a bit vague to create flexibility

Being vague and up to interpretation because lawyers can’t foresee all possible circumstances is a feature.

Being a mess riddled with inconsistencies is not a feature.

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#298
post #203

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Sure, but there would be all manner of services that could automatically translate law-in-code to any human language you wanted. The best part is that you could easily and automatically translate a law into, say, English, Japanese, and German. Whenever the law-in-code source changes, just rerun your translator and voila: no human intervention required (meaning faster and more accurate translations of the law into hum…

But now instead of reading the laws that govern my life myself and understanding them, I have to rely on some third party to explain to me what laws my representatives are voting on.

The government who writes the coded law could be required to provide freely available services that translates those laws into plain language.

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#299
post #294

Earlier quoted context omitted.

IANAL but from my experience reading laws, they're written in a way that looks like it's trying to replicate programming-language-esque nested logic, but in prose format—instead of using physical layout to establish the relationships between concepts, they use words, which I find more confusing. I would rather read laws written in a more structured format.

But all structured format use words, and they're many programming language that are prose since COBOL. No one want to write laws in APL or assembly like.

Catala has similar goal than OpenEdge ABL[1] which is prose also.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenEdge_Advanced_Business_Lan...

Re: CatalaLang/catala: Programming language for law specification

#300
If anything, I'm grateful to this article for exposing me to this Bill Gates deposition. I had no idea he was so repugnant and incompetent liar. Sometimes, in my mind, I'm trying to justify the clearly bad actions by big corporations by saying something like "maybe they don't know" or "maybe they are in a tight spot between many bad choices", but here it's loud and clear that it was deliberate. He and his buddies knew what they were doing, they knew it was wrong and they didn't care. Neither had he the guts to own up to his wrongdoing.
Post reply on HN