Earlier quoted context omitted.
Server-side rendering can absolutely be slow, and client-side can absolutely be fast. It's all dependent on the quality of the developer.
Server-side has the best chance of providing an ideal experience in the worst case situation: The user's very first visit to the website on a mobile device in a crappy network environment. Information-theoretic, there is no way you can beat SSR in this scenario. You will not win against a machine that returns a complete HTML document on the very first request if your users only receive hints regarding where to actual…
I think this is generally true, but it does depend on how long it takes SSR to complete. If that's slow, you could potentially be faster by sending a bit of JS+HTML and allowing processing to continue in the background to be fetched later when it's ready instead of waiting for everything.
That said, I think that's a fairly unrealistic scenario since a bad connection with high latency is probably more of an overhead.