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Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

nature.com

61–70 of 222 posts

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#61

If you suffer from serious anxiety, I highly recommend you work on any health issues you have. Low blood sugar in particular is known to promote anxiety by increasing the amount of adrenaline in your system. I used to suffer a lot of anxiety. Getting physically healthier helped mitigate that enormously. Proviso: n=1, "anecdata" and the usual dismissals that random internet strangers desperately try to apply as if I s…

There is nothing to dismiss

health issues can both directly and indirectly make your psychological issues worse (or even be the direct cause of it)

and also the other way around

I think many of the "dismissal" (assuming non troll) comments come from with health issues people being feed up with getting the force feed the same advice they long time now every time their health comes up without the person giving their advice understanding their health issues. (e.g. not you because you just wrote what helped you in a neutral way).

For example some absurd examples I have seen repeatedly:

- a person with serve enough clinical depression to just be a step away from getting suicidal getting told "just do sports it will help" for the thousands time in a situation where they frequently have issues to even eat because their brain just stopped caring about being hungry

- or a person with motion sickness from certain games being again and again told the same set of well known and years ago tried advice, potentially combined with "you must never try VR" even through they did try VR and depending on the title it's not an issue as long as movement in VR is done through motion tracking

- or a person which had to stop their masters degree because of sever depression and anxiety being told "oh it's you could have done the masters because I was able to do so" when that other person just had a mild depressive phase due to overwork

- or people which had Vitamin-D deficit (which is really good at making other health issues worse) now insisting that every time they meat a "sick" person they should take Vitamin D supplements because sure their trauma induced psychological issues are just a Vitamin D deficiency.

Just to be clear I appreciate your your post, this is not trying to dismiss it in any way. In different to many of the examples I listed you bothered to formulate it neutral in a "this helped me, fixing health issues can help, here is why it helped me if you thing this could apply to you why not try it" way instead of a "this helped me so it 'must' help you too way". Through the line between both formulation is thin, and not seldom a matter of tone which is often lost in writing.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#62
post #36

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, I completely agree. Instead of being upset with outcomes (like how people react to me in interactions), there's three things I've been trying to instead focus on: Am I at peace with my core values? Do my intentions align with those values? And finally, do my actions align with those intentions. If something bad has happened, and those three questions are a 'yes', then you have no reason to feel bad because you'v…

If you say something unpleasant to a boss or someone else with the power to hurt you in life, even if it is aligned with your values (like enforcing boundaries or refusing unethical tasks), you may get fired, lose your income and destabilize your future safety, and have every reason to feel bad about your situation.

Still you might think, I did the best I could.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#63

Fascinating study. For those who didn't read any of it: anxious people's brains use a different area when regulating emotions. Unfortunately the connection to this area may be more easily saturated during high emotional states. So, over stressed/anxious brains appear to have a different routing setup than everyone else. Very interesting find!

I'm not surprised tbh.

This fits very well with what you can see in anxious people, especially when combined with depression.

Through I guess the meat of the paper is in all the subtle biological details they found, which I just honestly do not understand at all.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#64

So from my understanding. Anxious people are so anxious that they overload the part of the brain that typical deals with anxiety so the brain routes it to another part of the brain to deal with it and that part of the brain isn't what you want dealing with it so it cause problems. So the key is too limit overloading the part of the brain that deals with anxiety, which probably means doing things you are fearing to do…

> doing things you are fearing to do so that you no longer fear doing it.

Careful with that assumption. I can see it completely backfiring. Doing the thing repeatedly can end up increasing the anxiety. If this route is taken, then "the thing" must be introduced very gradually and from a place of security.

As an example, for an arachnophobe, it would starting with something like "draw a dot. Draw a line coming out of the dot. Keep drawing lines up until 8. Pay attention to your anxiety levels and remind yourself that this is not a real spider, only a drawing. You are in control, you are safe". Then progressing to pictures of cartoon spiders, then the first picture of the most cute realistic spider that one can find, and so forth. It would be a process that takes months and it's not guaranteed to work. For example, a realistic depiction of a spider might be too much to handle even with a gradual approach.

On the other hand, if you tell that person "Close your eyes and open your hand. There, I put a tarantula in your hand, you see, it's innocuous!" that person is going to be scared of spiders for life.

I'm exaggerating, but hopefully it sends the point across.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#65

It's always fear, isn't it? We're afraid to approach people, afraid to ask for help, afraid that someone might react in the worst possible way or something really bad might happen. But obviously, it never happens the way we imagine. Reality is 100% of the time, different from our imagination and yet, many of us still fail to remember that. Every good opportunity that I ever got, was from me coming out of my comfort z…

Anxiety is maladapted for the modern world. Everyday situations in our ancestral past were legitimately dangerous so in that context it paid to be excessively cautious.

Yes, but we are one proverbial red button away from nuclear hell on Earth no ancestor could have prepared for, where a lot of anxiety will translate into a lot of lives being saved. So we’re not too far from being adapted to the modern world.

It’s just that temporarily things are going well - there are no famines, no lawlessness, and no wars. As soon as we return to chaos even a bit, all those thrifty genes and anxious genes won’t be so maladaptive.

There doesn’t even need to be a world-ending scenario. Just go live outside an urban center, among wild animals, and all these genes will help you.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#66

So can we fix it?

yesn't

the results of this study can, in combination with other studies over time, potentially, lead to better treatment methods. Weather that's better assistant medication, better ways to apply treatments or a better understanding of some of the unusual treatment methods.

But what is described in the paper seems to me to be a fundamental mechanism of the brain to cope with anxiety overload. And that we can't fix, because it isn't really broken. I mean compare it to a bit far fetched example: Water spill ways. Especially on a larger scale they always come with drawbacks and you can't fix that. What you can change is stuff like how you wire up the spill way (e.g. when and which gates opens when) or e.g. how likely they need to be engaged (by upstream changing things), or how well you (as a city) cope with whatever drawbacks the specific water spill way has. For all of this properly understanding the underlying mechanics is important. And this is what the paper is about, properly understanding the mechanics so that we can provide better treatment.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#67
The authors/others interested in anxiety, may be interested in the paper: Dreaming Is the Inverse of Anxious Mind-Wandering:

https://psyarxiv.com/k6trz

Written by me and discussed on HN here:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19143590

There is a coherent argument to be made that the problem of misplaced anxiety is so prevalent/fundamental to the species, that dreaming is a built in mechanism for diagnosing it.

A summary of the paper is:

Anxious states involve: The default mode ("imagination") network, high levels of the fight-or-flight neurotransmitter norepinephrine, and an active amygdala.

REM dreaming states involve: The default mode ("imagination") network, extremely low levels of the fight-or-flight neurotransmitter norepinephrine (80% below base levels), and (surprisingly) an inactive amygdala.

The content of dreams can be viewed as inverse anxious mind wandering, where situations we find ourselves in actually encourage confrontational behaviour, however we are able to observe our avoidant behaviour with clarity that is not so present in waking life. (This also indicates that anxious structures are not really associated to the neurological state, as in we still seem to follow our anxious patterns even when norepinephrine levels are low, implying that the structures that represent them in our brain are not affected by different levels of norepinephrine/must exist outside of something so variable.)

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#68

Fascinating study. For those who didn't read any of it: anxious people's brains use a different area when regulating emotions. Unfortunately the connection to this area may be more easily saturated during high emotional states. So, over stressed/anxious brains appear to have a different routing setup than everyone else. Very interesting find!

In my reading:

> Unfortunately the connection to (*the usual area = FPl, that's a L not an i) may be more easily saturated during high emotional states.

I do wonder if the FPl is overactive and needs to be slowed down like the article suggests (which hurts behavior in non-anxious people), or if the amygdala is jamming the FPl with excessive signalling (and needs to be slowed down).

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#69
post #56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How so?

Fear is an immediate, emotional response to a known or definite threat. Anxiety is a more prolonged emotion that arises from an anticipated or potential threat or a situation that's uncertain. Unlike fear, the source of anxiety might not be real or immediate.

From my experience, the way I'd describe it is:

- fear is transient, you feel it in the moment and then it goes away. You can then remember "boy I was scared" and feel the memory of fear but not fear itself. You can project and imagine a situation where you'd be scared.

- anxiety is a persistent state of stressful anguish. There are peaks and troughs. During peaks it can be overwhelming and look like, trigger, or mix with fear. During troughs anxiety is still there somewhere deep, it merely takes a backseat to other emotions. In every moment it biases every process your mind undertakes.

Re: Anxious brains redirect emotion regulation

#70
post #10

This is just tedious. The electro-chemical map of the brain that is built and used to study it, is so primitive. Almost certainly, "the brain" tunes itself to its environment and inner states from a preformed inner structure through evolution. A lot of what is in the brain, is not actually to be found in the brain, or by studying it materially. The "formwork" that formed it, is lost in evolutionary time. Unfortunatel…

The brain is absolutely physical.

> A lot of what is in the brain, is not actually to be found in the brain, or by studying it materially.

You are talking about consciousness (and perhaps the non-conscious processing that the brain does as well). That is indeed a non-physical phenomenon, but it still has physical underpinnings.

> The "formwork" that formed it, is lost in evolutionary time.

You can't lose something that you never had in the first place :). It will take that as a figure of speech.

The good news are: we are very familiar with some things that "exist" but don't have a physical presence. On this forum, "software" is the most obvious one. "Math" is probably the second. There's many others, like all the emotions, entropy, and so forth. We can, to a certain degree, reverse-engineer some of these processes by looking at the physical imprint that they leave. It's true that we never get a full picture - the same way that just looking at the source code might not give you a good idea of how the RAM will look like when the program is executing. But it can give you some insight. And then, if you are lucky, you may be able to fill in the gaps.

The bad news: this is the most imbricated and complex piece of "code" that the humanity has ever faced. Our brains might simply not be capable of understanding their own complexity by themselves. Most of us have a "cache" of 7 items, after all. Barely good enough to swing to the next tree branch.

But then again some good news: the complexity is definitely not infinite- just very big. And we keep improving our tools. The same way some of them expand the limits of what we can physically do with our bodies, some of them expand what we can mentally do with our brains. Wether or not that will be enough for us to understand ourselves, to a certain definition of "understand", is still up in the air as far as I'm concerned. I'm agnostic about it.

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