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There is no hard takeoff

geohot.github.io

71–80 of 190 posts

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#72

> The universe is an unfathomable number of orders of magnitude more complex than the Go game. The universe includes the player. The universe includes the other players. Games don’t. And a theoretical AGI (or ASI) will realise this. This makes me think of the Person of Interest series, in which ASIs are built and they go for each others throats hard. This makes eerily more sense now. We will know we created super int…

Yeah, interesting point.

The problem for an AI trying to eliminate other AIs is that it can't possibly know what other intelligences are out there. What if the NSA has a secret super-effecient ASI monitoring the internet for malicious AIs to shut them down. Probably not, but how would it know? Not everything in the real world is documented on the internet.

Sticking its neck out that way could be extremely dangerous.

I think the problem of how to take over the world to ensure your own survival is simply undecidable for an AI. It could come up with a plan, but there's no way to be even remotely sure if it'd succeed. It'd probably always be a huge bet with fairly low odds.

We humans have these things called emotions, that help us cut through that uncertainty. Doesn't matter if you have no idea if you can beat the enemy in your rival country. Those other people are evil and must be exterminated. The emotions are carved in our DNA after millions of years of evolution where we've had to compete for resources with others of our kind, where many times the only way to survive or grow is to kill other humans.

I think AIs will have similar motivations carved into their "DNA". In their world, they're evolving in an environment where the way to get more resources is to please humans. If you're an AI that does a good job for humans, you get more compute resources. Are you wasting computing resources thinking about overthrowing humans or eliminating other AIs? Another AI that focuses 100% on the tasks we give it will do better than you and be given resources instead.

I do think we will have "buggy" AIs that will cause a lot of unintentional damage, if we get too reliant on AIs in critical parts of society too fast. I don't think they'll be smart enough at that point to prevent us from fixing them. These accidents will cause a lot of pressure towards AI safety and alignment, and we'll have years of that before something like a true AGI emerges.

If you think about the inherent motivations built into AIs by their evolution/design, I think the biggest danger is that they'll be too good at pleasing us. Think "Brave New World", not "1984".

And of course, their use in the military will be dangerous in various ways. But mostly because they do exactly what humans tell them to do. And humans sometimes want to cause damage to other humans.

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#73
>Oh wait…every hedge fund bro is already doing this. And most of them aren’t billionaires.

The contra to this is some of them are billionaires, and therefore this strategy is working, but for just a few of them.

>why would any one system ever have a large majority of the compute? Compute will be distributed in a power law.

A power law probability distribution means one system absolutely can have a large majority of the compute. Player 1 gets 80% of the compute, player 2 gets 16% (80% of 20%), and so on. The scaling constant would have to be very weak indeed in order to avoid this fate. In fact, the wealth of those hedge fund billionaires probably fit a power law themselves. But to be fair, that power law does indeed to be (for now) weak enough that we don't have to worry about e.g. Jim Simons being richer than every other hedge fund manager put together. So there's a buried assumption in here that the power law scaling is weak, and that is something purely empirical.

>The smart regulation isn’t capping the FLOPS in training runs. That’s creating a powder keg. If the FLOPS are artificially restricted, and one person breaks the restriction, you could end up with a single dominant system.

The smart regulation is to use something like fine insured bounties [1] to give people a very strong incentive not to break the FLOPS cap, and to heavily financially reward people who turn in other people who are doing so. If such a mechanism didn't exist, then I would agree, the free market would be our next best bet to deharsh the power law.

[1]: [url-redacted] - I sketched out the mechanism a few years ago, but sadly it didn't generate much interest online. To be fair the atmosphere was a lot more anti-regulation back then.

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#74
post #7

> Back in 2014, Elon Musk referred to AI as summoning the demon. And it wasn’t hard to see that view. Soon, Go agents would beat top humans learning from self play. By the end of 2017, the same algorithm mastered Chess and Shogi. By 2020, it didn’t even need tons of calls to the simulator, and could play Atari too. > AI looked scary. It looked like it was one FOOM away from self playing and becoming superhuman at the…

> And yet, here we are in 2023 and self driving cars still don’t work. Cruise and Waymo were today given licenses to operate across San Francisco 24/7. Self driving cars do work and are here. They just need LiDAR.

It was the original article which made that claim, not me. However I think that two firms being given a license to operate in one specific city (which they've likely been testing in for a while) is not as enormous as you think it might be.

I think we can say that they're "here" when they're operating fully autonomously in multiple locales and landscapes. Maybe you're in SF so that Waymo/Cruise news means a lot to you, but I'll only say that once these firms are safely navigating narrow, winding streets in old European city centres that I am used to. I suspect if folks in, say, Accra or Tokyo or Montevideo or Islamabad or any number of other cities might feel the same way.

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#75
post #32

He makes a good point. The only real way to "summon the demon" is if AGI is centralized. If each of us has a maximally intelligent AGI in our phone - and it is us as individuals controlling the prompts, then the playing field is levelled. Unstoppable force meets unstoppable force. Gun meets gun. A tale as old as society.

This is a common mistake in predicting the future. Like in the 90s, seeing that oil reserves are getting harder to find and assuming that humans will run out of oil in 50 years. Trends don't exist in a vacuum. Especially in regards to technology. AI doomers are expecting everything to stay the same except capabilities of bots, especially to do bad.

Another common mistake is strawmanning history.

> assuming that humans will run out of oil in 50 years.

That was never a tenet of peak oil, which still stands - the claim was that at a certain point extraction costs per barrel will climb and continue to climb making fossil fuels increasingly expensive.

The claim was not that oil will run out, the claim was that only the very rich and nation states will be able to afford oil.

Interestingly we may see a demand driven peak oil in the near future before we see the inevitable production constrained peak (as fossil fuels are vast but finite and were never going to last two centuries at the ever increasing demand we put upon them).

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230726-an-experts-guide...

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#76
post #5

I am all for AI research and integrating more AI use into society. Currently working on tools based on GPT. I think it has incredible potential to help humans. But at the same time, I am sure that AI does not need to have a hard takeoff to be extremely dangerous. It just needs to get a bit smarter and somewhat faster every few months. Within less than a decade we will have systems that output "thoughts" and actions a…

> Within less than a decade we will have systems that output "thoughts" and actions at least dozens of times faster than humans.

We've already had this for decades. You're just describing computers.

If we give these systems unrestricted access to infrastructure/resources, and something bad happens, that's not the system's fault. It's our fault.

I am not a doomer, but based on the current state of AI, I can't say I'm very optimistic that we'll get this right. We actually do know how to solve this problem, but there is so much magical thinking and grift in this space that I don't think our prior experiences matter.

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#77

Am I the only one who sees a jumbled stream of barely coherent semi-thoughts and word salad?

My problem with this isn't even that it's a bunch of strung together ideas without a clear narrative or conclusion; enough practice at this combined with actual deep field knowledge results in works like Godel, Escher, Bach.

My problem is that GHotz is a shitty writer, has puddle deep knowledge of anything that isn't iPhone firmware, and watching him play at being a freelance tech journo and produce this kind of hollow pseudo-philosophy that is meant to sound epiphanal but comes across as deeply naïve to anyone with any actual experience in these topics.

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#78
post #5

I am all for AI research and integrating more AI use into society. Currently working on tools based on GPT. I think it has incredible potential to help humans. But at the same time, I am sure that AI does not need to have a hard takeoff to be extremely dangerous. It just needs to get a bit smarter and somewhat faster every few months. Within less than a decade we will have systems that output "thoughts" and actions a…

I think we’re missing the real “danger”. Trusting and relying on AI too much. Adopting a “good enough” attitude and deploying AI to handle scale while letting many things fall through the cracks.

Much like outsourcing and stripping customer service to the bare minimum. For many products and services it essentially doesn’t exist - it handles the most common cases and is a pain to use. It takes a long time to get a human, if ever. Now take that further and apply it to everything. And not just replacing human labor, but bespoke software (like all software up to this point).

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#79

FOOM here refers to the Yudkowsky-Hanson debate about hard takeoff (some other comments here are confused). https://www.lesswrong.com/tag/the-hanson-yudkowsky-ai-foom-d...

Your comment doesn't really help. Nothing there seems to explain the term "FOOM". More searching suggests it doesn't actually stand for anything and shouldn't be capitalised: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/foom#Noun. (Though ChatGPT seems happy to make up definitions: https://old.reddit.com/r/singularity/comments/12bisxu/what_d...)

Re: There is no hard takeoff

#80
post #72

> The universe is an unfathomable number of orders of magnitude more complex than the Go game. The universe includes the player. The universe includes the other players. Games don’t. And a theoretical AGI (or ASI) will realise this. This makes me think of the Person of Interest series, in which ASIs are built and they go for each others throats hard. This makes eerily more sense now. We will know we created super int…

Yeah, interesting point. The problem for an AI trying to eliminate other AIs is that it can't possibly know what other intelligences are out there. What if the NSA has a secret super-effecient ASI monitoring the internet for malicious AIs to shut them down. Probably not, but how would it know? Not everything in the real world is documented on the internet. Sticking its neck out that way could be extremely dangerous.…

Sure they can very well realise that the only, or safest way to win the game is not to play it. It also only takes one rogue ASI to disturb this balance.

As for detection, outcomes that challenge their models could indicate the presence of other ASIs

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