Earlier quoted context omitted.
> No engineer is paid extra for keeping the codebase without growing too much. I am. I'm paid more than most developers to run a team doing just this. We make minimal change, have an absolutely non-negotiable focus on stability and minimalism and reject any change that isn't absolutely driven by validated majority user need. Even then, the bar is high. I'm not saying this is a common situation, but it certainly isn't…
Minimal change, or minimal code? Refactoring code can make code smaller but depends on good testing. Applying minimal changes results in redundant and complicated code, but less likely to break existing functionality.
In terms of minimal change, we refactor when there's a clear business case to permit taking on the risk. Otherwise, we make the most minimal, most stable, least risk change to the existing code even if that code isn't optimal/pretty/well-structured/has-errors/...
Like most other engineering in the world really.