I reject the main options for the reason that the main options are unsatisfactory.
Your link lists the Chrome debugger, IDE debuggers, and the node inspector.
The node inspector is essentially deprecated. IDE debuggers more or less piggyback on the Chrome DevTools protocol, and although I mentioned I have not given them a fair try, but they definitely seem less official, featureful, and well-supported compared to the Chrome debugger. The fact is, this aspect of Javascript seems to have, unceremoniously, already fallen into Google's sole leadership, direction, and discretion, by force or by will.
The Chrome debugger, as mentioned, exists and is probably the most well supported of all debuggers, and is what I use in practice. However, as I mentioned, even 'the best', which is Chrome, does not work very well, exhibits usability regressions per the cadence of Google (e.g. blackboxing used to work, but is very broken today), and moreover compromises basic functionality and freedoms, which comprises my dissatisfaction.
In a better world, we would have something that is native to the language (not a browser), versionable, free, featureful (e.g. profiling and memory debugging), and accessible from the shell (e.g. other languages have gdb, pdb). It would be a good thing for a protocol to actually have multiple implementations.
Something that may at least recover basic functionality from the Chrome DevTools would be to degoogle it for hermetic usage, and separate it from the browser proper. As I mentioned, I am looking forward to make that happen.