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PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

ai.google

71–80 of 297 posts

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#71

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Why would that be annoying? It’s much easier to understand, predict and truncate appropriately than having to explain all of these different tokenization schemes to devs.

Yeah, everybody agrees on what a character is, right? It's just {an ASCII byte|a UTF8 code unit|a UTF16 code unit|a Unicode code point|a Unicode grapheme}.

At least there are standards for characters. Nothing like that for tokens.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#72
If the current Bard is really running on PaLM 2, it still hallucinates worse than GPT-3.5. Trying to get it to solve a variant of the classic wolf/goat/cabbage puzzle, I got this gem:

"The scientist is not present on Phobos on the first step. The Doom Slayer teleports himself and the bunny to Deimos, leaving the scientist on Phobos.

That wasn't a one-off thing, either - it repeatedly contradicted itself several times, often in near-adjacent sentences. You might wonder what this means for the ability to do chain-of-thought... so did I, but apparently the bigger problem is convincing it to do CoT in the first place. But if you do, yeah, it's as bad as you'd expect.

Here are two complete conversations, plus GPT-4 doing the same puzzle for comparison; judge for yourself: https://imgur.com/a/HWLgu3c

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The idea that GPT-4 is 1 trillion parameters has been refuted by Sam Altman himself on the Lex Fridman podcast (THIS IS WRONG, SEE CORRECTION BELOW). These days, the largest models that have been trained optimally (in terms of model size w.r.t. tokens) typically hover around 50B (likely PaLM 2-L size and LLaMa is maxed at 70B). We simply do not have enough pre-training data to optimally train a 1T parameter model. Fo…

1) common crawl is >100TB so obviously contains more than 20trn tokens + Ilya has said many times in interviews that there is still way more data for training usage >10x 2) GPT-4 is way slower so this point is irrelevant 3) OpenAI have a 10000 A100 training farm that they are expanding to 2500. They are spending >$1mln on compute per day. They have just raised $10bln. They can afford to pay for inference

> OpenAI have a 10000 A100 training farm that they are expanding to 2500.

Does the first number have an extra zero or is the second number missing one?

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#75

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yeah, everybody agrees on what a character is, right? It's just {an ASCII byte|a UTF8 code unit|a UTF16 code unit|a Unicode code point|a Unicode grapheme}.

I’m not saying it’s easy but it’s much better than tokens IMO. I think bytes would be understandable too.

Bytes are understandable but make no sense from a business point of view. If you submit the same simple query with UTF-8 and UTF-32, the latter will cost 4x as much.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#76

Earlier quoted context omitted.

maybe you're right, but I'd be skeptical. In a non-snarky way, this shows the data sources used in models to date up to GPT 3. https://lifearchitect.ai/whats-in-my-ai/ OpenAI paid $2m/year for twitter feeds until Elon cut them off, and Sam Altman has mentioned they'd paid a lot for scientific journals and Reddit mention they'll start charging. Given how central data quality and curation is, if these private data sour…

Given Reddit's inability to keep their website functioning (unless you use the far superior old.reddit.com) I find it hard to believe they would be able to stop a motivated developer from scraping the whole site.

this is about the time that i expect sites to begin returning intentionally corrupt/incorrect/perhaps outright garbage (subtle or not, probably better subtle so they don't realize it until it's far too late) data in order to intentionally poison enemy wellscraping. where "ethics" dissolve into the inherent raw cannibalistic laws of capitalist ventures.

then you can sell them back the TBs they scraped at a 1000x markup for the real data. or attempt to watermark it so you can prove their illegal(?) usage of your services in their training.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#77
post #5

> "We then train several models from 400M to 15B on the same pre-training mixture for up to 1 × 1022 FLOPs." Seems that for the last year or so these models are getting smaller. I would be surprised if GPT-4 had > the number of parameters as GPT-3 (i.e. 175B). Edit: Seems those numbers are just for their scaling laws study. They don't explicitly say the size of PaLM 2-L, but they do say "The largest model in the PaLM…

For 'Palm-2', read, 'T5-2'.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#78

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The report specifically states: > The largest model in the PaLM 2 family, PaLM 2-L, is significantly smaller than the largest PaLM model but uses more training compute The largest PaLM model is 540B. So all of PaLM 2 is potentially double-digit parameters. Note though that GPT-3.5 was plausibly not a finetuning of the 175B model, but instead a finetuning of Codex which was based on the 12B version of GPT-3.

Original PaLM was 540B so significantly smaller could mean anything from 350B down really

I tried my hand at estimating their parameter count from extrapolating their LAMBADA figures, assuming they all trained on Chinchilla law: https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Fvy4xNkXgAEDF_D?format=jpg&name=...

If the extrapolation is not too flawed, it looks like PaLM 2-S might be about 120B, PaLM 2-M 180B, PaLM 2-L 280B.

Still, I would expect GPT-4 trained for way longer than Chinchilla, so it could be smaller than even PaLM 2-S.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#79

So, I asked Bard if it's using PaLM 2 and it did confirm it. My initial results are super promising. Highly recommend checking it out again.

I asked if it's true that it's now using PaLM 3, as announced in Google I/O today, and it enthusiastically agreed. The previous question was asking the same question but with PaLM 2 and it agreed to that as well. I followed up asking about this discrepancy, and it said:

"I apologize for the confusion. I am still on PaLM 2. PaLM 3 is not yet available to the public. I am excited for the release of PaLM 3, and I hope that it will be a valuable tool for people all over the world."

My initial results are very disappointing. It's very strongly parroting information I give it, basically rephrasing my question and adding maybe a sentence worth of additional details. Sometimes, it does well, but I have no way to reproduce that kind of quality on demand. I feel it was conversationally better before any recent changes.

I understand that this is still beta, but for some questions, I already produce similar or better results locally. I also might be talking to PaLM 1 or even LaMDA, no way to confirm.

Re: PaLM 2 Technical Report [pdf]

#80

Earlier quoted context omitted.

GPT-4 is way slower than GPT-3. Unless they are artificially spiking the latency to hide parameter count, it’s likely around 1trn params

Yeah 1 to 2 trillion is the estimates I've heard. Given the 25 messages / 3 hour limit in chatGPT, I don't think they've found a way to make it cheap to run.

1. there's no reason to think OpenAI wouldn't also be going the artificial scarcity route as have so many other companies in the past

2. Microsoft may not like them using too much azure compute and tell them to step off. Rumor has it they're trying to migrate github to it and it's seemingly not going ideal. And they're certainly nothing more than another microsoft purchase at this point.

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