Live data from Hacker News

Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

smithsonianmag.com

131–140 of 295 posts

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#131
post #120

I recently discovered that flowers didn't exist in most of the Jurassic era. Mind-blowing really.

Flowers are relative newcomers. This is because it required a relatively tight relationship between insects and plants. Coordination between species is trickier to evolve.

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#132

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Electric and hydrogen fueled airplanes are progressing. There are also futuristic ideas about powering the planes with ground or space based lasers powered by solar. Zeppelins still scale really well, and ships can use sails again. I believe a lot of this stuff would have already been resolved if we had stopped propping up the fossil fuel industry by funding wars to maintain supply and allowing the industry to extern…

We need a president to declare transitioning of fossil fuels to be a national emergency and also a matter of national defense, and set the military industrial complex to work actually building a sustainable supply chain for energy and materials.

It’s really up to China and, increasingly, India at this point. The Western countries are not emitting much anymore so the impact here is limited.

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#133

Apparently they looked something like this https://i.imgur.com/PcEixHo.png More https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Prototaxites

Around the same era, there were giant horsetails too -- up to 30m tall!

https://www.indefenseofplants.com/blog/2015/5/21/ancient-equ...

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#136
post #56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Not literally, but in style. They are clearly trees. But they exist in a large underground network of roots, and spawn trunks upwards over that large area, not unlike how many funguses do. Convergent evolution of an approach to life.

Thanks. I'm definitely a layman here, but I lived in Utah about 10 years ago and did some reading on Aspens, which is when I came across that comparison. I was hoping to find a direct citation to post here but haven't managed to do so yet. A fire (or clear cut) can take down the entire overstory of trees, but that living root system will survive & send up more "suckers" that become new trees. It's this "the real life…

Redwoods also grow like this but not to the same degree. They do form "fairy rings" like mushrooms though.

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#137
post #103
post #98

What if Fungi were the key to our technological advancement? If we could make fungal computers we could become a bio-technical race like Species 8472 in Star Trek Voyager Season 3 Episode 26.

I watched a documentary that proposed eating mushrooms, and the ensuing hallucinations that happened, as the cause of our Neanderthal ancestors developing free thought and the underpinning of creativity that lead to tool development.

Yep, the stoned ape theory! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoned_ape_theory Didn't know there was a documentary about it though.

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#138
post #114

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> It will always be many orders of magnitude easier to terraform Earth, even after we screwed it up, than trying to terraform Mars. It's many orders of magnitude easier to afford a $100,000,000 home if you make $10,000 per year than if you only make $1 per year. But you're never going to afford that home either way.

We reversed the Chicago River 120 years ago, protected the Netherlands from flooding for centuries, blasted out the bed of the East River to make New York one of the most successful ports in history, laid at least one canal through every major ithsmus, and built dozens of reservoirs and irrigation systems into every hydrological ecosystem that touches a major population center. That's just water projects.

> We reversed the Chicago River 120 years ago

I had never heard that. More info https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_River

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#139

Apparently they looked something like this https://i.imgur.com/PcEixHo.png More https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Prototaxites

I wonder though how plausible this "trunk only" appearance is. What would the biological function of that trunk in the life cycle of prototaxites supposed to be? Modern fungi have heads, I think to spread spores.

Re: Long before trees overtook the land, Earth was covered by prototaxites (2013)

#140

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We have been agressively terraforming the earth into a form less accomodating of current complex life for some time now, and we show no signs of slowing. That's the whole problem

Agressively? We increased CO2 concentration by about 200 parts-per-million (a factor of about 2x), and increased the average temperature by about 1-2°C. Rain patterns are slightly different. Ocean PH levels dropped by about 0.04 . Sure, given how delicate the biosphere is, these small changes have a significant effect. However, if we look at Earth on the same scale as any other object in the solar system, the environ…

They might be talking about farmland. For example, pastures, agriculture and forestry in New Zealand has approximately zero in common with the native flora & fauna that was here before humans modified the environment. The native plants that remain are virtually all in areas that are simply too uneconomic to farm in any way (usually mountainous). ~55% of New Zealand is being used for sheep and cattle, and another 8% for exotic forestry.

We also eat an extraordinary amount of the fish and seafood in the world from the ocean. “The global per capita consumption footprint in 2011 is estimated at 27 kg. Our estimate is higher than the 18.6 kg reported in FAO statistics for the same year, as it also takes into account the indirect use of capture fisheries production by the fishmeal sector.” “the conversion of wild-capture fish that would not be used for human consumption into fishmeal and subsequent use as aquafeed, results in an overall increase in human consumption of fish”. “31% of the world's wild fish stocks are estimated to be overfished, 58% fully exploited”.

Post reply on HN