So I have no idea what the current state of the research on this is, or how depression manifests in contemporary (culturally Westernised) China, but historically there was quite a bit of research indicating it was more somaticised. People suffering from a depression like disorder were more likely to feel physically exhausted and weak than sad or hopeless. Something more like what we'd today refer to as chronic fatigue in the West.
This study (from the 80s) looks like one of the origins of that idea - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00051427
Bear in mind my degree is quite old at this point, but a reference point for me during my undergrad was Malcolm MacLachlan's brilliant book Culture and Health
A Critical Perspective Towards Global Health.
https://brownsbfs.co.uk/Product/MacLachlan-M/Culture-and-hea...
Here's a quote from the book (which I was lucky enough to receive as a PDF preprint in college)
"The experience of depression within an individual can vary over time – commonly referred to as the disease course – and, as already noted, it can vary between individuals of the same culture – commonly referred to as a disease syndrome. Kleinman’s suggestion that depression can also vary across cultures and across different historical epochs is quite consistent with a biologi- cal view of depression. He has also studied a condition known as neurasthenia. This condition, commonly reported in China, is characterised by a lack of energy and physical complaints such as a sore stomach. Klein- man has suggested that, although depression and neurasthenia are different illness experiences, they are both products of the same underlying disease processes – depression. In other words, neurasthenia is the Chinese version of western depression."
It's obscenely expensive, but you may hypothetically be able to find other ways of reading the book online.