I guess I don't understand what the problem is with the current way of doing things? Like, HN is one of the few communities online now where the content and the conversation seem interesting, varied, and polite. Whats the core problem you're trying to solve here?
My biggest gripe, which may not be solvable and isn’t unique to HN, is this vote/point system that ends up as “truth by consensus”. Controversial opinions, which may actually be the correct ones, are hidden and buried and even have their text slowly disappear and fade out which I think is ridiculous. It promotes groupthink and encourages users to just repeat mainstream opinions.
“showdead” is a feature if you have enough karma and it’s usually easy to see why something is dead.
Controversial arguments made well, or at least to the best of your ability that fall within the guidelines can and do get upvoted. A lot of the dead comments I see are really just ad hominem attacks or near enough to it.