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Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

economist.com

241–250 of 298 posts

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#241

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Well, maybe in 500 years people will have an explanation for why people don't create fundamental things in low-interest times. Lasting investment seems to be very strongly and positively correlated with rates.

Here's a theory for you: the increased cost of capital doesn't cause people to stop seeking or loaning out capital, it just directs that capital toward shorter-term projects. A bridge or a skyscraper pays off a lot faster than a startup.

How long do you think it takes to build a skyscraper? Cuz it ain't short. Just he zoning, funding, and pre-project tasks can take years.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#242
post #110

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There's a serious housing shortage. https://www.npr.org/2022/07/14/1109345201/theres-a-massive-h... Worryingly, the higher interest rates are making it more difficult to construct the housing we so desperately need in so many places.

There is a housing shortage because large, often foreign, organizations are buying up all of the housing stock. Mom & Pop trying to get a couple of AirBnB's ain't helping either.

I'm involved in housing politics where I live. I go to hearings, pay attention to what's coming through the planning department. I see what causes housing to not be built. It's NIMBYs. My neighbors. Not some far-off bad guys. The reason big companies got into the housing market is because there are good returns, because it's difficult to build housing. Why? NIMBYs. The best way to stick it to the big companies is to build enough housing.

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/01/housing-cr...

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#243

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I agree with most of this, but birth rates are not relevant. Note that Japan has had a very low fertility rate for years but still has folks for all those make-work jobs. In the U.S. what changed over the past 5 years is legal immigration: it was drastically cut and has not been restored. So as citizens and existing long-term residents pursue better jobs or time at home, there are far fewer new residents eager for lo…

Immigration is a method of wage suppression. The issue is that the businesses don't want to cut into their profits to raise wages to attract native/local workers.

Which is why most of your contractors, or kitchen staffs, in the US are Hispanic.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#244

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Well, maybe in 500 years people will have an explanation for why people don't create fundamental things in low-interest times. Lasting investment seems to be very strongly and positively correlated with rates.

How do you define "fundamental thing"? Are we talking primary production here? Or do you mean a stretch of asphalt road for automobiles? Or a steam turbine for thermal electricity generation? a 3nm silicon chip; the factory that makes 3nm silicon chips; the factories that make those factories; a rocket engine; a mRNA vaccine; an office building; a mathematical proof; an astronomical observation; a tank; a nuclear war…

> How do you define "fundamental thing"?

Some investment just keep adding to society's wealth, while others have a return and then go away. The first kind is really important because it enables new investment on things that depend on it, the second one doesn't.

Well, good luck trying to attribute an specific value for a child. But for your other examples the classification is mostly straightforward.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#245
post #198

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They already are (and are in trouble for that). The problem is not their refusal to accept foreigners but rather they are not fixing the real problem (low birth rates). You can fix the problem by increasing supply, creating new cities or satellite cities, etc… and they are not having superb growth either. The solution can be easily fixed. Most of Western cities are in a “failed state”. The US is a prime example of th…

> The problem is not their refusal to accept foreigners but rather they are not fixing the real problem (low birth rates). How can you fix low birth rates once the process is in decline? Are there any successful examples of a country that has gotten rich, or is getting rich, that has done it succesfully? Every example I've read says no, regardless of geography or culture. It seems an impossible problem to fix. In Sou…

It does not seem impossible to me: once there is a falling population, the house price pressure should ease. And no country has really pushed for paying people to have children.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#246

Earlier quoted context omitted.

To parallel the other comment with a wiki leak, the short version is the risk-free interest rate (e.g. treasury bills) minus the rate of inflation. So if you have 6% inflation, and the return on e.g. the 1 year t bill is 4.75%, you have -1.25% "real" interest rates, because your money at the end of your year of investment will be worth ~1.23% less than it was at the beginning of the year. I'm not sure I completely ag…

does that really work? inflation is a backward looking metric and interest rates are forward looking. this is just about making a prediction of the future. if you believe that inflation will decrease then your guaranteed rate of return from interest rates is great. if you believe that inflation will increase or stay the same, then yes we have "negative interest rates" I don't think it's reasonable to call it a "real"…

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_versus_nominal_value_(eco...

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#247

Earlier quoted context omitted.

For reference, my mortgage from 13 years ago was 4.85%, the one I got 6 months ago was 4.25%, about 1.5 years ago we got 2%. When I was born in the early 80's, my parents were doing 12%. Of course, housing prices adapt so that banks always extract a nice, steady amount from the people. Even more nowadays, when there's more to extract because more women started working. More to the daycare, more to the banks, the Amer…

Maybe a hot take but I feel like high(er) interest rates for homes should be the standard. This allows for demand to be modulated, and puts up a barrier to rent seekers from flooding the market. The problem is that over the past 5-10 years a lot of property has already been snapped up by investors at minimal interest rates, so as long as rents stay somewhat stable, they investors will be raking in the returns. I gues…

Nitpick: Rent-seeking is a specific economic activity that doesn’t mean “buying property with the intent to rent it out”.

Rent-seeking is an activity where the perpetrator creates legal barriers that result in them collecting money without providing anything of value.

Many people hate on landlords, but unless they’re also actively restricting new supply, they’re not rent-seeking as the term is defined.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#248
post #245

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> The problem is not their refusal to accept foreigners but rather they are not fixing the real problem (low birth rates). How can you fix low birth rates once the process is in decline? Are there any successful examples of a country that has gotten rich, or is getting rich, that has done it succesfully? Every example I've read says no, regardless of geography or culture. It seems an impossible problem to fix. In Sou…

It does not seem impossible to me: once there is a falling population, the house price pressure should ease. And no country has really pushed for paying people to have children.

While I don't deny housing costs are a contributing factor in some (many?) cases, the strongest correlate seems to be legal and cultural female equality. I don't mean this judgmentally; it's simply by my crude observation the overwhelming factor. Childbearing requirements and expectations on the female just doesn't seem compatible with post-industrial era career aspirations.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#249
post #20
post #9

We have gone from a zero interest rate economy to a high interest one within months. Whoever claims to accurately predict what's going to happen in the next few years is talking out of their ass. We know inflation should start decreasing within a year or so, but you cannot predict how millions of people will react to suddenly not being able to afford stuff.

This isn't a high interest rate ecconomy, this is normal interest rates. Rates have been absurdily low for a while so you may not remember it, but history provides a record.

Interest rates have been falling for hundreds of years, so anything you consider "normal" by historical standards is probably high by current standards.

Re: Can the West’s perplexing employment miracle continue?

#250
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ostensibly they are missing from the labor force, not from the planet.

How many are dead or permanently disabled because of Covid, I wonder.

COVID has killed hundreds of thousands, but overwhelmingly older or weaker folks, the kinds who are retired, semi-retired, or on disability. This would have had an impact, but not 10 million
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