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MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

aera.mit.edu

41–50 of 52 posts

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#41
post #29
post #23

Earlier quoted context omitted.

A slight tilt in the direction of flight?

Surprisingly it's going the same speed of 8m/s as the previous forward flight...

I don't think anything implied that was the top speed, more that the system can regulate its speed to match what was requested.

The top speed for winged flight is likely higher than helicopter mode.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#42
post #2

Interesting research. Assuming that the benefit of fixed-wing aircraft is efficiency in relatively straight flight, I'm wondering how this aircraft compares in efficiency vs agility against a quadcopter of similar weight.

What would be your guess? I'm reading this as describing straight line wing flight for long distances rapidly shifting to erratic motions if someone doesn't like it existing. I imagine it's much more efficient at that, assuming that shell is mostly batteries anyway. Very neat to watch, I'd be curious to hear under what conditions it's worse than a quadcopter, perhaps stability or how quick it can turn.

> Very neat to watch, I'd be curious to hear under what conditions it's worse than a quadcopter, perhaps stability or how quick it can turn.

Well, a quadcopter can fly with one busted motor/prop, this thing probably can't.

Winged flight is definitely for superior distance and loiter times.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#43

Earlier quoted context omitted.

It’s definitely been done before. The closest to this design off the top of my head would be the Lockhead XFV (1954): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_XFV The idea of a VTOL tailsitter, but without the single primary planar wing surface, goes much further back. The Nazis were in the process of building the Triebflügel at the end of WW2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focke-Wulf_Triebflügel

yeah there were a handful of tailsitter designs that era. Cool concepts but pretty much all had an achille's heel or two.

Having a human in the controls, trying to land it without seeing the ground, was a major hindrance. Drones don't really care about that.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#44
post #6

Ah, tailsitters. Everyone loves the theory, then the practical realities of the takeoff position exposing the entire wing surface to the prevailing wind quickly kills real-world applications. I remember back during the 3D Robotics heyday watching Chris Anderson repeatedly run down to set his tailsitter upright, take a few steps back, only to watch it fall over again.

Martin UAV is looking like the one to beat in medium range right now, and it's a pretty slick tailsitter design. If I was a betting man, I'd say that it's going to eat ScanEagle's lunch sometime in the next few years, or get bought. Which, ugh, the latter seems more likely, sad to say.

I'm not with Martin, but scuttlebutt is that the flight controls take into account takeoff and landing winds, then use that to adjust the flight attitude on approach and takeoff, since the wind can add to the effective airspeed for rotation.

Once it tags the ground the flight procedures have it nail itself to the pad double quick. That's about the only dodgy part, but they've done it from the back of a speeding truck and it looked fine. Hell of a lot finer than "drive the plane into a rubber band hanging from a stick".

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#45
post #29
post #23

Earlier quoted context omitted.

A slight tilt in the direction of flight?

Surprisingly it's going the same speed of 8m/s as the previous forward flight...

You can tell by the sound that the motors work much harder in that mode. It could probably go 3x fast in normal mode.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#46
post #24
post #4

Do these designs scale up? Don’t see why we haven’t created full sized aircraft with this form factor. Seems like it would make a great aerial weapons platform.

Probably nowhere near this performance. Their motors instantly vary thrust by a factor of ten or more, this just can't be done at human scale.

Did you forget about adjustable pitch propellers? We have managed to use human-scale ones even to synthesize low-frequency audio by building a sealed room and putting a reverse-thrust-capable one on the only opening of that room (besides a closed door). It spins and the pitch is adjusted to modulate thrust in response to the sound signal.

Those rotary woofers deliver supposedly good distortion up to their rotation frequency; 13 Hz / 800rpm seems common. For reference, a tail sitter propeller would probably spin faster than that, though even this is plenty to control the aircraft. A blade design using a servo flap easily keeps up with those control speeds, and could likely even offer thrust vectoring like the rotor of a helicopter (could eliminate the flaperons).

The real enemy is power-to-weight ratio.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#47
post #19

Seeing it fly side-ways in circles (2 minutes into the 1st of the final 3 videos) is pretty wild. Not sure how the 2 rotors can create sideways thrust...

A combination of differential throttling and the flaps. The flaps are in the prop wash so they don't need airspeed to exert forces.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#48

Earlier quoted context omitted.

What would be your guess? I'm reading this as describing straight line wing flight for long distances rapidly shifting to erratic motions if someone doesn't like it existing. I imagine it's much more efficient at that, assuming that shell is mostly batteries anyway. Very neat to watch, I'd be curious to hear under what conditions it's worse than a quadcopter, perhaps stability or how quick it can turn.

> Very neat to watch, I'd be curious to hear under what conditions it's worse than a quadcopter, perhaps stability or how quick it can turn. Well, a quadcopter can fly with one busted motor/prop, this thing probably can't. Winged flight is definitely for superior distance and loiter times.

Good point on the redundancy.

Another obvious drawback would be more surface to get buffeted by wind when in hover.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#49
post #3

I'm curious if it'd be harder for a soldier to spot a tailsitting drone high in the sky floating above doing surveillance. They are already impossible to spot as it is at certain heights. It would have to be right above them though.

Does visibility matter? I imagine a drone hunter flight of multiple drones, multiple drones implies multiple receivers, multilaterating the transmissions of the target, and splash. Only works on surveillence drones that need to be transmitting, and don't emit only in the direction of the intended receiver.

Based on what we're seeing in footage and interviews from Ukraine it absolutely matters. Hearing a drone is often the warning that you're about to get shelled.

People really fixate on this swarming concept like that murderbots video and breeze right past the more high impact basics.

Re: MIT Tailsitter Drone Acrobatics

#50
post #28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There are commercially available tailsitter UAVs primarily used for mapping purposes: https://www.atmosuav.com/product/mapping-drone-marlyn?view=w... It transitions into forward wing flight after take off. It does achieve a greater flight distance/flight time per battery compared to the same size of thing as a quadcopter, but NOT as great of endurance as something like a 2 meter wingspan VTOL with four lift motors +…

I (as someone without a need for any drone and therefore without having looked at enough prices of drones to have any gut instinct here) was curious how much that first one you linked - the Marlyn UAV - might cost, since the company only says to contact them for pricing. This page [1] suggests $17k, is that likely on the money (pun intended, sorry) or just a random scam site? [1] https://volatusdrones.com/products/at…

don't think that's a scam site, though it probably has a healthy profit margin. that price is within the range of normal for a fully built surveying drone for use by people who aren't interested in getting into the technical details of pixhawk/ardupilot/arducopter stuff and building their own. They're sold to surveying companies, mining companies etc.

go look at pricing for the DJI Matrice 30 (M30) for some comparisons...

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