Earlier quoted context omitted.
When do any of those programs ask you for your password? I've never had any of them ask for my Unix password, ever. Is that just a macOS thing with self-updaters?
I'm using Ubuntu/KDE/Plasma. "Discover" is the GUI app that prompts you to install system updates, and will ask for your password when you do (to run apt/dpkg as root). Discord doesn't directly ask for my password, it downloads a .deb from somewhere and opens it, and I get prompted for my password then. Not much different IMHO.
Of course, like UAC, an app could just make its own prompt that looks like the real deal and steal the password, but that seems to be an unsolved problem on every platform.