41–50 of 124 posts
I am waiting for the day when there is an affordable ( Is anything like that on the horizon? Or do all of these liquid fuel synthesis options require industrial pressures/volumes/input electricity so as to forever be out of reach from residential synthesis?
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Which is already solved: salt caverns work well.
I checked and: "Salt caverns are artificial cavities in underground salt formations, which are created by the controlled dissolution of rock salt by injection of water during the solution mining process." Yeah, I don't have one of those in the garage unfortunately. I do have space for one of these though https://newatlas.com/energy/lavo-home-hydrogen-battery-stora...
Is it just me or has it been like 18 months of one supposedly "game changing" hydrogen catalyst after another? I'm not trying to be cynical. It just seems the science press is awash in results from one research project after another in this area and I find it very difficult to rank which ones have any credible chance of utility.
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Production is driven by demand and will very likely expand now that prices are rising again, just as production doubled back between 2011-2014 when last the price/kg rose [2] as it has in recent times. Annual Gallium usage includes a substantial amount of reclaimed material from electronics which isn't counted as production against reserve. > World primary low-purity gallium production capacity in 2021 was estimated…
The indium story is not similar. Indium is one of the least abundant elements. In the entire Solar System it is less abundant than gold. In the crust of the Earth, it is less depleted than most other metals with high electronegativity (like silver and gold), so the result is that here indium has about the same abundance as silver. Indium is completely irreplaceable in LEDs and in high-speed power transistors. The fut…
Sure, so in the crust it's as common as silver.
But that, the mean average, is hardly what matters- there won't be much in beach sand, but find the right copper-porphyry deposit and it's there as common as gallium ~50ppm.
It's also a prime example of why the world needs to better recycle electonic waste, indium-tin oxide (ITO) thin film displays from the tip are a better source of indium than chewing through a million tonne of Cu-porphyry.
"The catalyst is made of indium gallium nitride nanostructures, grown onto a silicon surface." World gallium production is 400 tons a year. World indum production is 70 tons a year. How did "cheap" get into this?
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You can add hydrogen to natural gas (using existing pipelines and storage), and so slowly replace that. No changes to existing infrastructure needed up to maybe 20% I think.
You can but there are concerns about hydrogen being a smaller molecule so we’d get increased leakage (with knock on effects) No one really knows how our existing natural gas infrastructure will cope with hydrogen
https://hydeploy.co.uk/app/uploads/2018/02/HYDEPLOY-FOURTH-O...
https://hydeploy.co.uk/app/uploads/2018/02/21935_CADENT_HYDE...
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The indium story is not similar. Indium is one of the least abundant elements. In the entire Solar System it is less abundant than gold. In the crust of the Earth, it is less depleted than most other metals with high electronegativity (like silver and gold), so the result is that here indium has about the same abundance as silver. Indium is completely irreplaceable in LEDs and in high-speed power transistors. The fut…
Odd comment phrasing, ChatGPT? Sure, so in the crust it's as common as silver. But that, the mean average, is hardly what matters- there won't be much in beach sand, but find the right copper-porphyry deposit and it's there as common as gallium ~50ppm. It's also a prime example of why the world needs to better recycle electonic waste, indium-tin oxide (ITO) thin film displays from the tip are a better source of indiu…
Even so, because the total amount of indium in the Earth's crust is about 200 times less than that of gallium, and they are concentrated by similar geochemical processes, it is likely that the ratio between their exploitable reserves is about the same.
In any case there is no doubt that the exploitable reserves of indium are much less than for almost all other chemical elements, the main exception being most of the so-called "precious" metals, about which everyone is aware that they are rare.
Unlike most other really rare chemical elements indium is needed in equipment present in each modern home and business, even if in minute quantities.
Because of this, indium is on the top of the list with chemical elements for which it is required to find substitutes in their current applications, otherwise in the future the supply will not satisfy the demand, and for which new applications should be avoided.
Is hydrogen cheap to transport, cheap to store, and cheap to use though? I thought making it was only a small part of the problems with hydrogen.