As the article starts to explore, it's more useful in the context of a single line conditional with a single boolean to evaluate, or what I sometimes call a "dangling conditional". This is valid ruby:
do_something if boolean_expression
All unless does is allow you to negate it using an expression that's more natural to most people
do_something unless boolean_expression
To me the negation of an if with ! is less clear in this context. For example:
puts "That's a prime" if is_prime?(variable)
makes sense. So does:
puts "That's not a prime!" unless is_prime?(variable)
Far more so than:
puts "That's not a prime!" if !is_prime?(variable)
The author decides however to add more conditionals. Fine, don't do that. Or that it's unreadable in some contexts. Fine, don't do that either.
The whole point of Ruby - the only reason it really exists - is that it should be fun and easy and not require you to spend too much time stressing over rules. If you read a piece of Ruby and don't like it, change it. It's not Python - there is more than one way. Use the way that makes sense in the context you're using it.
If you can't trust yourself or your team to do that wisely in a project, consider changing languages, because guess what? The language isn't going to change because you don't like that thing.