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Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

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Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#51
The answer to "why hasn't technology disrupted [XYZ]" is always that the problems in XYZ weren't technology related in the first place. The education system, voting/politics, real estate, healthcare... the list goes on. You cannot automate away problems when there are humans and human emotions/motivations/conflicts in the way.

Colleges and college degrees are first and foremost a social signal. There is no tech substitute to being part of an elite closed group and having a name-brand degree hanging on your wall. It's like asking why can't tech make Louis Vuitton bags more accessible to the masses.

On the other hand technology has absolutely disrupted learning. Information and skills are more accessible today than any point in history. Fewer disciplines need formal structured education and credentials. Ultimately technology won't "fix" the higher education system, but simply make it less relevant in the practical world.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#52

I've worked in the ed-tech space for years and am good friends with many of the early pioneers. Most of the capturable value in education is signal of acquired knowledge and other factors. I'll address the knowledge signaling first. It has been possible for a century to self-study to the equivalent of a bachelor's degree using textbooks but it is very difficult to verify in a reasonable amount of time whether someone…

It may be useful to expand proctoring centers, and provide online universities where many exams are taken in-person and a lot of the grade is determined by assignments that can't easily be faked/cheated (e.g. randomly-generated questions, projects)

Universities have pre-existing weight and "old money" recognition, but there's nothing inherently more "reliable" about them than online. A lot of people cheat in college, a lot of people take courses with inflated grades or courses which teach old concepts, and then have to learn everything again when they get their first job. It's absolutely true that if someone has a degree from a reputable college they very likely know their field, but if someone has an degree from a "reputable" online college then they also very likely know their field.

It's not fair that in order to prove "acquired knowledge" you need to pay over $10K per semester and travel to an expensive college. It would be nice if we start to see people from online universities succeed in the workforce and build great things, then online degrees would likely be accepted more.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#53
If you use a different definition of higher education -- not as a college degree but truly incredible learning on a variety of topics, I think the disruption has already happened. Youtube has completely changed how I learn. The most amazing videos on philosophy, quantum mechanics, psychology -- it's all on Youtube.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#54
> why have the past 50 years of technological change had so little impact on schooling?

A variety of fun reasons. First: it _has_ changed over time. I had recorded online lectures, grade books, course registration, etc. 20 years ago. The pandemic has sort of been a punctuated evolution for instructors, and IDK if we have any sense yet of how much will stick in post-pandemic education.

Second: the cost of education is sort of a feature. Biologists and economists use the concept of "signals" -- actions you might take to indicate your fitness as a mate, or as an employee. Getting into a highly selective school is then very valuable, and the return on education relies in part on school selectivity. If thats the case, we shouldn't expect the price to go down much over time at the elite schools; they control access to a valuable commodity that only goes up as population grows. A technology that allows a school to teach 10x the students would be disastrous for signaling.

Third: the cost of education at many (all?) state schools has been subsidized, and over the past 100y has been an a downward ratchet. Every time a recession devastates a state budget, the unis take another budget cut, but only rarely see subsequent increases. Often these cuts come at the same time the uni itself is showing record enrollments. Faced with a loss of funding and strong demand, school presidents take the action economists predict and raise prices. Which means, even as students are sent ever increasing tuition bills, the actual cost to deliver instruction is not so high, and in many cases going down. And since the return is so high on education, student take the offer they are given.

Fourth: the opportunity cost of faculty delivered education is high. You want a Nobel laureate to teach you intro level physics? Well, every course they pick up is a grant they aren't applying for. Better make it worth the department's time -- every research dollar funds more grad students and PhDs on those important "similar schools" metrics.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#55
I think this significantly misses the point of higher education. By far the most valuable parts are 1) peer interaction, and 2) lecturer-audience interaction.

I learned way more from discussing the topic with my classmate during breaks than I ever did from the course material itself. Learning a fact is easy, deeply understanding it is not - and discussing it with your peers is the best way to discover each others' flaws in understanding.

In addition to this, people asking questions is a crucial part of the lecture. Sometimes a question is because someone was asleep during the previous lecture, but most of the times it was because a concept was not explained clearly. And in a few rare but valuable cases someone asked a question, and the lecturer's eyes lit up as someone had rediscovered an open research problem - or made a critical link between two seemingly unrelated topics.

Textbooks and videos can teach you a lot, but they do not allow for interaction. If you wish to simply get a basic understanding of a well-known topic, that might be enough. But if you want to truly master it and perhaps even contribute to advancing it yourself, it simply isn't enough.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#57

>> I am the opposite of a handy person, and I had no idea how to deal with this myself. But I Googled. And sure enough, there are multiple YouTubers operating in the home appliance repair space with sufficient specificity and dummy-friendliness that I was able to fix it. As an Engineer, I have had to explain this to countless people... a mechanic is not a mechanical engineer. An electrician, is not an electrical engi…

The difference between a mechanic and a mechanical engineer is the latter knows the math behind it. The same for electrician and electrical engineer. I asked the electrician wiring my house to not put the phone wires through the same holes as the A/C wires. He asked why. I said because induction will put a 60 cycle hum in the phone wires. He had no idea what that was. I fired him and did the phone wires myself. When…

No post body was provided.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#58

I've worked in the ed-tech space for years and am good friends with many of the early pioneers. Most of the capturable value in education is signal of acquired knowledge and other factors. I'll address the knowledge signaling first. It has been possible for a century to self-study to the equivalent of a bachelor's degree using textbooks but it is very difficult to verify in a reasonable amount of time whether someone…

It has been possible for a century to self-study to the equivalent of a bachelor's degree using textbooks but it is…

With the exception of a small percent of the population this isn’t true. Most people don’t have the ability, patience, wherewithal to self study a topic in depth. HN comments are littered with examples of educated people in one area making foolish comments in other areas with those people thinking they are actually making insightful comments. Without training most peoples’ capacity to understand why what they think they know is wrong when it is pointed out to them is quite low. The classroom is much better at transmitting how to think about a subject than reading a book or even watching a video lecture.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2021/...

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#59

>> I am the opposite of a handy person, and I had no idea how to deal with this myself. But I Googled. And sure enough, there are multiple YouTubers operating in the home appliance repair space with sufficient specificity and dummy-friendliness that I was able to fix it. As an Engineer, I have had to explain this to countless people... a mechanic is not a mechanical engineer. An electrician, is not an electrical engi…

The difference between a mechanic and a mechanical engineer is the latter knows the math behind it. The same for electrician and electrical engineer. I asked the electrician wiring my house to not put the phone wires through the same holes as the A/C wires. He asked why. I said because induction will put a 60 cycle hum in the phone wires. He had no idea what that was. I fired him and did the phone wires myself. When…

I think it'd be a YT engineer who thinks inductively-coupled 120V AC into an extremely low-impedance circuit over a few tens of feet would cause a problem, not an actual EE.

Re: Why hasn’t technology disrupted higher education already?

#60
If I recall, the overhead of running a university (the fraction taken by the central institution to run campus and facilities, versus the amount coming into the schools to pay academics) is around two thirds of the student revenue in Australia.

Although that sounds large, it's not in corporate terms. Charging the customer 2.3 to 3 times an employee's salary seems about standard. And universities are notorious for casual using work to an underpaid "precariate".

That suggests there isn't a whole lot of margin for technology to capture in the first place.

After which, you find that degree-awarding is a regulated activity in most countries, offered by public institutions subsidised by government loan and contribution schemes.

Tech has had a massive influence on higher education in the last ten years, but it seems to go via universities buying more systems and services rather than "University of the Unregulated Start Up" suddenly sweeping the public-controlled market for education.

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