You can do this!
Settings -> General -> Keyboard -> Auto-Correction [off] & Check Spelling [on].
Reading a lot of the complaints here, they really need to create some sort of onboarding for the keyboard and make it more transparent what the switches do in the settings menu.
I was pretty pissed when they launched slide to type, until I played with these and found that turning predictive off feels waaay better. It took me a little bit to get used to, but I’m much happier now and can type multiple words with out looking at the keyboard. My settings:
Auto Capitalization: On
*Auto-Correction: Off
Check Spelling: On
Enable Caps Lock: On
*Predictive: Off
Smart Punctuation: On[1]
*Slide to Type: Off
Character Preview: On
“.” Shortcut: On
Some of these are personal preference, but the ones I put with a star greatly effect the way the keyboard types. I’ve been using iPhones since 2011, so I’m used to the last two for example, but if you don’t use slide to type it screws with the touch targets big time, and the Predictive setting is the one most people here are frustrated with.
That said, I think the keyboard was better about 10 years ago when it had some slight prediction baked in.
[1] I think smart punctuation only really applies in english to "" -> “”, I think it looks nicer, but can be a nightmare if you are trying to type a sting literal on the phone and don’t realize it’s a thing, definitely something to be aware of, lol.