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A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

cleveland.com

41–50 of 311 posts

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#41

Perhaps the key point of this news story: ’But unbeknownst to many, Ohio is home to some of the world’s deadliest mushrooms -- and they can look a whole lot like their edible cousins. A recent rash of nearly lethal poisonings have experts worried that mobile naturalist apps may be lulling otherwise cautious citizens into a false sense of security ‘

The fungal species are not concentrated in Ohio, they are somewhat invasive as I understand it.

"The death cap mushroom is an invasive species from Europe, now present on every continent except Antarctica. It became such a world traveler because humans spread the mushroom’s spores around like glitter at a kids’ glitter party...

"...the death cap made a sudden appearance in 1938 and became increasingly common after that year."

https://slate.com/technology/2014/02/most-dangerous-mushroom...

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#42
post #40

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I just wish I could find a morel, chanterelle, and porcini dealer.

What happens when you put in your zip code and search here? https://shop.marketwagon.com/collections/vendor/3711?redir=t...

"Sorry, we do not currently support your location."

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#43
post #16

Why do people like eating mushrooms from the woods? How much of it is the potential risk? There are plenty of options at the grocery store.

Part of the reason I own woods in the first place is for the food it provides - berries, nuts, mushrooms, herbs, wild grapes, maple syrup, not to mention deer. We aren't even heavy collectors, but still when I priced it out last year we probably foraged about 3000 dollars worth of various foods. Once you add in some gardening, plant some fruit trees, raise a few chickens, do some bartering with and purchasing from other folks with farms in the area... you start to wonder if you even need a grocery store.

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#44
Since no one has done it yet, I'll ask the obvious question about the FDA: how many people die or need a liver transplant each year because the FDA is being unreasonable here?

Here's some quotes from the article:

Approximately 40% of people who ingest the deadly Amanita mushrooms die or require a liver transplant, according to Dr. Pierre Gholam, the liver specialist at University Hospitals who treated Hickman.

...

They immediately began preparing an application to the FDA for the emergency use of an investigational antidote – that if administered within 72 hours of ingestion can prevent liver damage and death in almost every patient who receives it.

The drug, called Silibinin, is derived from the milk thistle plant and given intravenously. It has been available in Europe for over 30 years, but here in the United States it has yet to be approved by the FDA, so it is not stocked in hospitals or pharmacies.

The result is that in order to obtain it for patients, an emergency use application must be submitted to the FDA for every patient who needs it, after which it is flown in by courier directly from the FDA laboratory in Philadelphia.

“This literally takes an army of people working after hours,” said Gholam. “There are tireless, really unsung heroes at the UH research office who make this happen for every patient – they have to do this over and over and over.” Forty-seven times in the last 10 years to be exact.

The biggest enemy in this process, says Gholam, is time. If the drug is administered after the 72-hour window closes, the chances of a full recovery drop dramatically.

Making licensed physicians jump through these hoops while risking their patients lives should be a criminal offense. Yes, it's great that this particular patient survived, but there needs to be a better cost benefit analysis for drug approval. Almost certainly, there are patients who have suffered permanent damage or death because of the difficulty of obtaining this drug. What benefit is there to making this drug so hard to get? How many people miss the time window because of these requirements? How safe does a drug need to be if result of not getting it is a 40% chance of death or a liver transplant?

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#46
post #40

Earlier quoted context omitted.

What happens when you put in your zip code and search here? https://shop.marketwagon.com/collections/vendor/3711?redir=t...

"Sorry, we do not currently support your location."

I hope you find something near you.

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#48
post #47

Several comments here advise getting a good mushroom identification book instead of relying on plant id apps for foraging. Do you have any recommendations? And more generally, how would you go about assessing the trustworthiness of any such book?

Often localised ID or reference books can become like bibles. Consult your local mycologists or fungi enthusiast groups!

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#49

Perhaps the key point of this news story: ’But unbeknownst to many, Ohio is home to some of the world’s deadliest mushrooms -- and they can look a whole lot like their edible cousins. A recent rash of nearly lethal poisonings have experts worried that mobile naturalist apps may be lulling otherwise cautious citizens into a false sense of security ‘

I find it hard to imagine anyone relying on an app to determine whether or not a wild mushroom is edible or not. The poisonous mushrooms (particularly the widely distributed and complex Amanita types) have some of the most insidious biological toxins known, in particular alpha-amanitin, which has a really nasty delayed-action effect:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91-Amanitin

It's mode of action is so unique (binds RNA polymerase, so destroying liver and kidney protein synthesis and leading to widespread cell death) that it's used in molecular biology labs for the study of protein synthesis.

Maybe some of the more obvious edible types (boletes, chantrelles, some others) are fairly easy to identify, but even there they have stomach-upset causing relatives. Anything even vaguely similar to Amanita should be viewed with caution (there are closely similar edible types, no thanks). A few good books with lots of pictures, close attention to things like spore prints, going with someone with a lot of experience, that's the best introduction.

Re: A rash of nearly lethal mushroom poisonings in Ohio

#50
Silibinin is the active ingredient in milk thistle, a supplement available at almost any health food store. Do doctors not know this or are they just letting people die rather than prescribe an OTC nutraceutical? Or is there some reason it absolutely must be delivered intravenously? That seems unlikely since it is orally bioavailable.

Edit: I found this, which suggests that it should work in theory, but intense vomiting from the poisoning probably makes it not possible to take a large dose orally: http://bayareamushrooms.org/poisonings/silymarin.html

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