Earlier quoted context omitted.
People want to be able to author and share docs, directly in the browser and share with no effort. You cannot do this without JS, and the level of complexity is sufficient that you need robust tooling in order to manage it.
You can do this directly in the browser* without JS—in exactly the way shown by the example I just gave: by using a browser that is capable of editing and sharing docs (directly). * If someone really wanted to be a stickler, they could point out that that you've set up Google Docs to fail your own rubric, since it involves indirect editing. The browser itself has no direct role in the editing process. It only manages…
Supposing I just want to create an internal tool that allows me to collaborate in realtime with my colleagues on a document (multiple cursors, everyone editing at once) and I have to do it in an existing browser because I don't write C++ and only have a few weeks to deliver - how would I do this without JS? Also, it needs to work on Android, iOS, Windows, and macOS in FF, Chrome, and Safari.