The grass family contains over 9,000 species distributed throughout the world. Of that, 35 have been cultivated as cereals. Of these, the following are important today: Barley, Corn, Goat grass, Millet, Oats, Rice, Sorghum, and Wheat.
Of the important grains and/or cereals listed above, only corn (maize) is a New World native. Corn is an important member of the grass family.
Corn (Zea mays) was domesticated from a wild plant called teosinte (Zea mexicana) about 7000 years ago. This species was considered sacred and was central to Mayan creation myths. Famous Mayan images show an earth god sprouting from the corn stalk.
Corn is the most efficient of the modern cereal grains in converting water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. Maize formed the basis for the Mayan, Aztec, and Inca civilizations in the New World.
Corn, beans, and squash were planted together by early native Americans in companion planting to benefit all three species.
There is no wild plant or evidence of one that resembles corn with giant husked ears; besides the ears, teosinte and corn look very similar.
Columbus took corn to Europe on the first voyage but it did not gain wide attention.
Native Americans had over 100 uses for the corn plant and its fruits.
https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/ethnobotany/food/grains.sh...