> Static Typing reduces bugs. At least to me, the big advantage of static typing is not that it (allegedly) reduces bugs, but that it aids my understanding and helps in navigating the program. It's a tool for thinking and communicating.
All the other claims from readability to understandability to refactoring to less bugs, all come with an “it depends” caveat. Sometimes the claims are true, sometimes they’re not. It’s also not possible to say “but in most cases claim X holds”.
The thing I’ve never understood yet in this debate is in my experience, the people who have argued about correctness have universally been below par at getting to the bottom of requirements. Which leads to “great, you correctly built the wrong thing. And you took forever to do it.” Which isn’t doing our profession any good in the eyes of other professions who depend on us.