Boy do I hate how ISO options are treated by the IRS for startup employees. It puts an insane amount of risk on the employee in both coming up with the cash to exercise(bolt offered loans for this part) and then the worst part, being taxed on unrealized gains. The latter to me seems completely against how the rest of the tax code when it comes to stock based assets. And it leaves employees who are not well informed o…
The market is what dictates this. You don't have to take a startup job.
Facebook, Google, etc. minted hundreds of millionaires when they IPO'd. It's hard for me to feel bad for people who take those risks.
I'd argue a whole lot of engineers should be much more judicious about joining startups and ask for more options. If engineers knew how to calculate startup risks better they'd probably know there is too much equity is concentrated to too few individuals (mainly founders).