US Universities have enormous overhead costs. And unfortunately the PhD students / post docs are paying with their blood and sweat for these. My advisor had to spit 150k to the university to have me as a student (including a 20k fee for lab usage, despite the fact my PhD was a theoretical one). From that 150k I was taking 22k - 3k of mandatory health insurance. I could barely make it given that I had to pay > 12k per…
It's mostly caused by the explosion of lifestyle inflation at universities. Rather than just providing an education and doing research they are now expected to be mental health counselors, promote "diversity" (aka we need more of certain skin colors over other skin colors), and make "democratic" decisions. In practice this means everything is filled with bureaucracy and you need to go through 5 committees and 3 vice…
And no, US universities do not run as democracies. The appointed deans and the president run the show.