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America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

congress.gov

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Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#111

Post by netheril96 »

huy-nguyen wrote: post #9

Per [1], the House version contains important immigration provisions. 1) The bill would create a new category of non-immigrant visa called the W visa for owners (W-1) or essential employees (W-2) of start-up companies and their dependent family members (W-3). 2) The bill would exempt applicants holding a PhD in a STEM field from the annual per-country green card limits, enabling them to quickly apply for permanent re…

> This would benefit Indians and Chinese nationals the most.

Many Chinese are actually against removing the per country green card limits, because Indian applicants are so many times more that keeping the status quo actually give Chinese a better chance of success.

But that was before the cap removal is limited to PhD only. I'm not yet updated on the latest stance.

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#112

Post by 8note »

rayiner wrote: post #97
kelnos wrote: post #55

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> 1) The bill would create a new category of non-immigrant visa called the W visa for owners (W-1) or essential employees (W-2) of start-up companies and their dependent family members (W-3). I'm always disappointed in this style of visa. These are the kinds of people we want to keep , not make their stay contingent on working at or running a startup. To me, it's really stupid that anything but a tourist/business vis…

> To me, it's really stupid that anything but a tourist/business visit visa should be non-immigrant; all long-term stay visas should provide an easy path to permanent residence (sure, assuming whatever reasonable qualifications are met). Americans don’t want that. A lot of our immigration-related problems is that the executive branch created a de facto permanent immigration system (with modest Congressional acquiesce…

What Americans want tends to be irrelevant vs what states want

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#113

Post by rsfinn »

bigthymer wrote: post #108
techsin101 wrote: post #79

it should be made illegal to vote on bunch of separate laws as one package

The president used to have the power to line-item veto but I think it was taken away during or soon after the Clinton era.

President Clinton was briefly given this power by the Line Item Veto Act of 1996 [1], but "its effect was brief as the act was soon [in 1998] ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court".

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_Item_Veto_Act_of_1996>

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#114

Post by paxys »

xeromal wrote: post #80
kelnos wrote: post #64

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The former, mostly. PhD students are usually funded by their university, as well as by research grants come from US government agencies and research-oriented companies and organizations. So we (as in "various elements of US society") are paying to educate people, and then are sending them back where their home countries benefit, while the US does not. It's so dumb. There are some cool exceptions, like some programs w…

Aren't the PHDs producing things in the US that we use though? Medicines, research ,etc?

How are they doing that if they aren't allowed to live or work in the US after they finish their degree?

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#115

Post by xeromal »

paxys wrote: post #114
xeromal wrote: post #80

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Aren't the PHDs producing things in the US that we use though? Medicines, research ,etc?

How are they doing that if they aren't allowed to live or work in the US after they finish their degree?

They're doing the research and publishing the results during the degree. That's part of the PHD.

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#116

Post by umeshunni »

jazzyjackson wrote: post #59
paxys wrote: post #31

This is definitely needed, but the government needs to take some ownership stake in companies that these funds are being distributed to. The financial success of the effort needs to be shared with the general public, not just used to make some billionaires richer.

Don't income taxes of employees and sales taxes of their products constitute the public sharing in the success of those billionaires? Bezos may not pay income tax, but all his engineers do...

> Bezos may not pay income tax

citation needed

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#117

Post by duped »

jeffbee wrote: post #52
hwbehrens wrote: post #2

In case you are wondering what this does (like I was), Wikipedia states "This bill is designed to solve [American dependence on China] by reducing reliance on Chinese manufacturing of semiconductors and increasing America's scientific and technological achievements." Basically, it allocates a bunch of money for supply chain and production improvements.

Imagine using government money to fund Intel, AMD, Micron, Apple, etc with combined capitalization over 4 trillion dollars. Instead they should be levying massive windfall taxes on these companies' overseas cash hoards, and using those revenues to fund onshore semiconductor startups.

The US government has been funding semiconductor manufacturing since Fairchild, which spawned two of the companies you listed.

Overseas cash reserves are a separate issue that can be fixed by removing the corporate tax. It should be 0%, we would all be better off if that were the case.

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#118

Post by rayiner »

8note wrote: post #112
rayiner wrote: post #97

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> To me, it's really stupid that anything but a tourist/business visit visa should be non-immigrant; all long-term stay visas should provide an easy path to permanent residence (sure, assuming whatever reasonable qualifications are met). Americans don’t want that. A lot of our immigration-related problems is that the executive branch created a de facto permanent immigration system (with modest Congressional acquiesce…

What Americans want tends to be irrelevant vs what states want

Immigration is a federal issue.

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#119

Post by abeppu »

throwawaygh wrote: post #90
abeppu wrote: post #74

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Is looking at the per-student cost and multiplying by the number of students a good way to evaluate the systemic cost? Or are there other factors separate from the marginal cost to a professor of an additional grad student which should be included (e.g. are there institutional-level resources which are significantly supporting this workforce?)

> Or are there other factors separate from the marginal cost to a professor of an additional grad student which should be included (e.g. are there institutional-level resources which are significantly supporting this workforce?) No. At least, not in CS. What sorts if things would you be referring to? Compute? Honestly you're better off with a trivial cloud grant than trying to use the slurm cluster with a dozen ancie…

Ohh I just accepted your previous statement of 2k/yr overall, but of course you're only talking about CS.

> The US graduates 2K PhDs per year, of which >60% are foreign nationals.

It looks like across fields, it's ~55k PhDs/yr, so the "Billions" quote was probably right.

Re: America COMPETES Act of 2022 passed House and Senate

#120

Post by sudosysgen »

beaconstudios wrote: post #110
sudosysgen wrote: post #95

Earlier quoted context omitted.

We both know that this isn't true. First, the US government gets to run an arbitrary deficit, which is essentially the same as printing money. Secondly, the Fed's board is appointed by the government and can be recalled by the government. Thirdly, if the US government wanted they could change all of the rules governing the fed. It has nothing to do with not being able to. The US just decides it's more profitable to h…

who said they wouldn't be able to take absolute control of the fed? My point was only that they aren't currently. They'd have to make some serious changes in order to do so!

They currently have more than enough control over the fed to be able to plan this kind of policy. They simply need to choose the next head of the fed to be one that agrees, as they already do.
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