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Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

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Re: Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

#131
If you're looking for ideas on what to write about I'd love to learn more about networking on the ISP side of things. I know about routers, TCP/IP, sockets, and so on, but my knowledge of the complete topology of the Internet is quite limited. I feel like if you were to fit that all together it would be an incredibly valuable resource.

Also: you need a table of contents!

Re: Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

#132

I feel like walkie talkies are something all network engineers need to play with. Furthermore, remember that real world telephone and radio networks were in fact... Networks. (Called 'nets' in the radio world) Ethernet, and 802.11, are both based on the concept of a singular channel shared by many individuals. When Alice talks, she says 'I'm Alice calling Bob, can you hear me Over'. Alice is the source address. Bob i…

The book “CODE” uses exactly this pattern. It starts with two people talking to each other via cans connected with string, and works its way up to complex networks and processor architecture.

I recently picked up CODE after seeing it recommended on HN a few months ago and it's really filled in the gaps in my knowledge of how computing technology evolved.

Re: Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

#133
post #111

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You're right for sure. I probably should have clarified that when I said "Ethernet", I meant classic 10 Mbps Ethernet that today's kids probably don't know about. The Ethernet hub acted like a bus: anything one connection said was broadcast to _ALL_ other connections. Of course, today we have far faster point-to-point switches. But it helps to remember that the Ethernet-protocol was built in the days of old: half-dup…

I'd argue that the legacy of CSMA/CD still alive in ethernet is what makes it harder to implement efficient networks, as the switched network kinda tries to emulate the shared bus behaviour.

I admit that I'm not actually a network engineer at this point. I took a networking course back in college and what I've discussed so far is largely just the basics and how I've internalized my lessons from back then.

Looking at CSMA/CD more specifically, as well as "full-duplex Ethernet" (which are 100Mbit, 1Gbit, and 10Gbit modern Ethernet), it seems like CSMA/CD is no longer used in any full-duplex Ethernet Protocol.

I'm not 100% sure about that, since its outside the scope of my old studies. But it makes sense to me. It seems like "full duplex Ethernet" can only work with point-to-point communications. If you have point-to-point connections between exactly two stations, there's no need for carrier-sense (CS), multiple-access (MA), or collision-detection (CD) protocols at all.

CS: Wait for the current person on the walkie-talkie to say "over" before you yourself start talking.

MA: Walkie talkies: many people can access the same channel.

CD: If two people accidentally start talking at exactly the same time, they need to independently try to restart-talking. A random-number generator with exponential backoff is common for this sort of thing IIRC, though I'm not keen on the exact details.

Re: Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

#134
post #111

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'd argue that the legacy of CSMA/CD still alive in ethernet is what makes it harder to implement efficient networks, as the switched network kinda tries to emulate the shared bus behaviour.

I admit that I'm not actually a network engineer at this point. I took a networking course back in college and what I've discussed so far is largely just the basics and how I've internalized my lessons from back then. Looking at CSMA/CD more specifically, as well as "full-duplex Ethernet" (which are 100Mbit, 1Gbit, and 10Gbit modern Ethernet), it seems like CSMA/CD is no longer used in any full-duplex Ethernet Protoc…

The problem is that the switched network has to emulate behaviours that were free on CSMA/CD system. So we get MAC learning, Spanning-Tree Protocol, and ultimately if you want performant large scale ethernet switching (and not just terminate ethernet at point2point) you end up with complex software directly managing forwarding tables (all sorts of SDNs) or essentially turn ethernet into routed network (using IS-IS routing, two standards exists for implementing it, one of them - TRILL - is reportedly backbone of Cisco Nexus Fabric system).

There's a reason why another name of Layer 2 ethernet network is "broadcast area".

Re: Show HN: I'm writing a free book called Computer Networks from Scratch

#138

> The answers I get have taught me that most programmers don't have a basic understanding of how the internet works outside of their narrow specialty Just yesterday I couldn't fall asleep because my stupid brain thought something like "What information would I need to fully grasp the topic 'programming'?". Since I am a visual thinker, I quickly started to draw a mind map in my head that basically started with the his…

Interesting that you took a quote that _specifically_ said "basic understanding" and took that to mean "expert in everything there".
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