Earlier quoted context omitted.
It's really cool how a Mach number emerges from traffic flow, with speed of cars vs speed of information, completely with shock waves and everything!
The equation you want for this is the Burgers Equation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgers%27_equation This equation was initially thought of as the appropriate continuous version of the discrete problem investigated by Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (on a very early digital computer shortly before Fermi's death), but then it was realized the KdV equation was better for that. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93…
Intro to Traffic Flow Modeling and Intelligent Transport Systems
(Note that thanks to aggressive monetisation of MOOCs they shut off access to the course a few weeks after you enrol in it.)
https://www.edx.org/course/intro-to-traffic-flow-modeling-an...