I think the main Thing here is that Rails is the de facto standard, the 'golden hammer' of Ruby based apps, and there is no space - or developers - for alternatives.
The JS ecosystem as we know it today started years after Rails (Rails was 2004, Node's oldest version on their releases page is from 2011), and only really took off after NodeJS came to prominence with frameworks like BackboneJS, Angular, then React and the rest in the early 2010's, and it went along with Github and the emergence of everyone and their dog building libraries and frameworks.
The attitude was different; instead of big opinionated but inflexible frameworks, people wanted to pick and choose. This was exacerbated by React that emphasized NOT being a framework but just a rendering layer.
Pick ANY one-size-fits-all framework in the JS space and you will see "bad" decisions that people don't like.
The closest thing to a full JS framework at the moment is probably Angular, which feels bloated and overly complicated (annotations, component / folder structure / file naming) or Express (stringly typed? I haven't looked at it in forever).