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How big was the Tonga eruption?

graphics.reuters.com

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Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#151
post #136

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You can choose the 2022 Tonga eruption example on the tool. https://www.leventhalmap.org/projects/insizeor/

Oh, nice! Moving around gives a really good feeling for map projection too.

I like they handle the relational scaling for you as you zoom in/out. I was disappointed at not seeing an option for scaling, but nodded appreciation with "it just works" aspect

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#152

Earlier quoted context omitted.

US tsunami monitoring has a record. https://www.tsunami.gov/previous.events/?p=03-19-09-Tonga

A tsunami is a wave. Not sea level. Waves literally come and go over a period of seconds to minutes. They wobble back and forth without actually moving much water. Sea levels move on the order of hours and days and involve the physical movement of literally hundreds of cubic-miles of water. Raising or lowering a sea level measurement (not a temporary wave) requires far more energy than a volcano. From the link: "List…

> A tsunami is a wave. Not sea level. Waves literally come and go over a period of seconds to minutes. They wobble back and forth without actually moving much water. Sea levels move on the order of hours and days and involve the physical movement of literally hundreds of cubic-miles of water.

You should be aware that tsunamis behave in the way you're calling "sea level", and not in the way you're calling "wave". It's true that a tsunami is a wave, but it's not true that they come and go over a period of minutes, or that they fail to move much water. They're very large.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#154

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I find the mix of your commas and periods in numbers a little confusing. >305,8 m/s but also 8.7m and ~1.4 hPa. I know that Europeans have a different notation to Americans, but is there a rule here I am missing?

No, there is no missed rule, the comma is the only official decimal separator in these parts. But I can relate to the the OP. Us here in the comma world are forever converting numbers in CSV and Excel files back and forth so as to display them in a proper number format. It’s like that darned USB port, you have to flip it 3 times to get it right.

No missed rule. Thank you for your feedback. I have replaced the decimal separators '.' with ','. Sorry for the confusion.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#155

This is an excellent lesson in how shitty my sense of geographic scale is. I would have guessed that the size of the eruption was on par with the size of a small city.

I mean your not wrong, the article is illustrating the mushroom cloud and ash cloud after 24 hours. So the explosive eruption its self is much smaller.

"Around the time of the initial eruption, a cloud measuring 38 km (24 miles) wide is thrust into the atmosphere. Its diameter already measures almost twice the length of Manhattan, New York. One hour later, it appears to measure around 650 km wide, including shock waves around its edge."

One hour.

Sanity check: it's never dark in the animations, which it would be if the images were taken over 24 hours. In other views you can see the night approaching.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#156

This is an excellent lesson in how shitty my sense of geographic scale is. I would have guessed that the size of the eruption was on par with the size of a small city.

I mean your not wrong, the article is illustrating the mushroom cloud and ash cloud after 24 hours. So the explosive eruption its self is much smaller.

After 1 hour actually, not 24 hours. But it is really mostly a huge ash cloud, not the explosion itself.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#157

Is this expected to have a global climate impact?

The Wikipedia page[1] for the event says a temporary drop of 0.1-0.5 degrees C for the next 12-15 months. [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Hunga_Tonga_eruption_and_...

Is this a net 'good thing' for global human life because it will counterbalance anthropogenic climate change?

(Probably still a significant net harm to Tongans I'd imagine :-( )

To what extent are the particles kicked up into the atmosphere a problem for life? Are they carcinogenic or respiratory risks?

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#158
post #92

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes, these images are incidentally an excellent reminder to Europeans of how big the United States is. I read a lot of criticisms of the US from people overseas that seem to rest on a lack of understanding of the scale of the country. The US is huge. A volcanic plume that covers most of Britain or Spain would only cover about half of California. You can wrap your head around it using "Measure distance" in Google Maps…

Bit similar to how everyone misunderstands the size of Africa. Here's a nice toy to play around with for a couple of hours: https://thetruesize.com So it makes sense to compare the US to Europe as a continent. Got it. What kind of criticism have you read that is wrong due to a misunderstanding of the scale of the US?

> What kind of criticism have you read that is wrong due to a misunderstanding of the scale of the US?

My guess would be population density. The US has ~330M people, Europe has ~748M.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#159

Earlier quoted context omitted.

A tsunami is a wave. Not sea level. Waves literally come and go over a period of seconds to minutes. They wobble back and forth without actually moving much water. Sea levels move on the order of hours and days and involve the physical movement of literally hundreds of cubic-miles of water. Raising or lowering a sea level measurement (not a temporary wave) requires far more energy than a volcano. From the link: "List…

> A tsunami is a wave. Not sea level. Waves literally come and go over a period of seconds to minutes. They wobble back and forth without actually moving much water. Sea levels move on the order of hours and days and involve the physical movement of literally hundreds of cubic-miles of water. You should be aware that tsunamis behave in the way you're calling "sea level", and not in the way you're calling "wave". It's…

Some of them, specifically those involving undersea plates moving upwards, but even those do settle out quickly. That is why the term literally means "port waves" because they bypass normal wave protections and move into ports, similar to how tidal bores move up rivers. But the comment above spoke of sea levels being impacted for many days, something beyond even thrust tunamis and more akin to hurricanes.

Re: How big was the Tonga eruption?

#160
post #127

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Even exactly on the other side of the world, the sound will reach you at different times from different directions due to different pressures, temperatures, mountains, etc. on the way.

But there would be a spot where the pressure waves would cross?

Not necessarily. The set of points reached last by the waves could be multiple points, or a line, or multiple lines.
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