Earlier quoted context omitted.
It's hard to analyse the data from treatments, as treatments don't have a control group. Trials are designed with control groups, placebos and double-blind process to gather data and then analyse it. We may have loads of data from real people being treated, but good luck trying to analyse it in a scientific way. We need effective vaccines, and we need to be able to trust them. Just treating people with a vaccine does…
It's much, much harder to understand the data if you don't have a control group. But once you have an effective treatment, you no longer have a control group if you're at all ethical. You cannot keep a working treatment from people just to do more science, that is deeply and fundamentally unethical. So the moment we knew the vaccines worked, the science got harder. Well, that point also save an enormous amount of liv…
> You cannot keep a working treatment from people just to do more science, that is deeply and fundamentally unethical.
I see this position put out there a lot and generally go unchallenged. For the record some people think the opposite: that it was unethical to unblind the placebo group so early. At the time you could estimate that continuing the placebo group might lead to ~60 unnecessary deaths from Covid-19 and a few hundred more serious cases. That is in the lucky scenario where the early success held. But in all scenarios, in return for a few dozen volunteers risking their lives, billions of people would benefit from randomized, placebo-controlled trial data which the NIH itself calls the "gold standard" as to "whether or not a treatment is safe and effective".
IMO the harms we have gone through from flying in the dark (people underhyping/overhyping the vaccines), multiplied by the number of people involved, make this a case where unblinding was unethical. It is very easy to imagine that far more life was lost in the general population from being in the dark than was saved by unblinding the volunteer study population.
(There's also the issue of whether or not it would have been practical to keep the participants blinded. I think that's a challenging topic of its own orthogonal to the ethical question.)