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Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

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Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#161
> […] I find it really hard to read anything because of the math notations and zero explanation of it in the context.

I suggest finding contexts first, and exploring math within those contexts. Different subfields have their own conventions and notation.

For example, you might be working in category theory, and see an arrow labeled “π”. When I see that, I think, “Ah, that’s probably a projection! That’s what π stands for!”

Or you might be in number theory, and see something like π(x). When I see that, I think, “Ah, that’s the prime number counting function! That’s what π stands for, ‘prime’!”

Or you might be in statistics, and see 1/2√π e^(-1/2 x^2). When I see that, I think, “Ah, that’s the number π! It’s about 3.14”

Or you might see a big ∏ which stands for “product”.

The fact that such a common symbol, π, stands for four different things in four different contexts can be a bit confusing. So if you want to learn mathematical notation, pick a context that you want to study (like linear algebra), and look for accessible books and videos in that subfield. The trick is finding stuff that is advanced enough that you’re getting challenged, but not so advanced that it’s incomprehensible. A bit of a razor’s edge sometimes, which is unfortunate.

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#163

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Programs don't do this, why do you expect every math paper to do it? Well, I don't. It was you moving the goalpost. I talked about "a few pages", and you made "a book" out of it. I simply don't agree with you here and so I have very little to add at this point, sorry. > This is called a bibliography, every book that isn't so old that it is the definition and paper includes one. No. Bibliography is like a list of li…

> Programs do come with man pages! And tutorials, interactive tours, contextual help, and more. Emacs comes with 3 books, and a tutorial. (GNU) libc has a book to it. Firefox has a whole portal (MDN) as its documentation. Visual Studio comes with MSDN and a huge amount of explanatory material. And when it comes down to code, you have auto-completion, go to definition, search for callers; you can hover over a symbol a…

> it isn't worth investing in a team to go through and update all of those papers to properly add definitions for everything they missed.

Thank you. There's nothing else left to discuss.

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#164

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There pretty much is one true notation. There could be some slight variations, like bolding vectors, putting an arrow over them or not distinguishing them at all from scalars. But 95% of the time everyone uses the same notation.

I don't know your background, but I wonder how broad it is in terms of mathematical topics. The notations used in Algebraic Topology vs Category Theory vs Algebraic Number Theory vs Analytical Combinatorics vs Complex Analysis. This isn't a criticism, it's just that notations vary wildly in those areas, and there's lots of cross-over of notations, not all of which agree with each other. I'm not an expert, but I've ha…

I studied diff geo at phd level and met stat at undergrad level, plus a sprinkling of category theory, some discrete mathematics and some physics, so I’ve been exposed to most of these.

I presumed we were talking about basic mathematics here since new notation is the least of your worries when your thinking about fibre bundles and cohomologies, but I can’t really think of any significant overlap in notation that would be different between the fields I’ve come across. Could you give some examples?

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#165
post #147

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> There's so much "pure" and "universal" about math, but the humans who write about it are too lazy to write about it in a rigorous manner. Are you sure it's laziness? Maybe it's a result of there not actually being any universal notation (not even within subfields) or the exactness you refer to really isn't necessary. This doesn't mean that unclear exposition is a good thing. Mathematical writing (as with all writin…

People can also understand each other through combinations of obscure slang, garbled audio, thick accents, and drunken slurring. It's still an unpleasant way to communicate. Shall we be satisfied with the same low standards in a technical field, because it is how it is ? Hands-on users of math notation are complaining that it sucks. I'm not sure why a dismissive "works for me" is so often the default response.

> Hands-on users of math notation are complaining that it sucks. I'm not sure why a dismissive "works for me" is so often the default response.

Are you sure this is because the notation is unclear/imprecise or because you just don't like it? I like certain programming languages and certain programming styles and really don't like others. But in none of the cases (those I like nor those I don't) are they not 100% "clear". The code compiles and executes after all so there really isn't much of an argument that somehow it's underspecified.

The same thing exists in mathematics. There are certain fields of math whose traditional notation/style/approach/etc. are totally incomprehensible to me. There are also many mathematicians who would say the same about my preferences as well.

So my point is that all people are _different_. Some people like certain things and some people like others. How can you hope to please everyone simultaneously? In my experience, there is no field at all that is as precise as mathematics. Sure "code" is precise, but (imo) professional programmers are nowhere near as precise in any general design or conversation than mathematicians. So I find the attack on supposedly bad mathematical notation a bit odd.

Mathematicians constantly try to come up with better methods of explaining things. They put more effort into it than basically any field in my experience. The problems are really that we as humans don't all think the same and that mathematics is just plain hard. We've improved mathematical communication immensely throughout history and we will continue to do so. But we'll never reach some sort of perfect communication style because no single such style could ever exist.

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#168

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Programs do come with man pages! And tutorials, interactive tours, contextual help, and more. Emacs comes with 3 books, and a tutorial. (GNU) libc has a book to it. Firefox has a whole portal (MDN) as its documentation. Visual Studio comes with MSDN and a huge amount of explanatory material. And when it comes down to code, you have auto-completion, go to definition, search for callers; you can hover over a symbol a…

> it isn't worth investing in a team to go through and update all of those papers to properly add definitions for everything they missed. Thank you. There's nothing else left to discuss.

Thanks for understanding, math is a small field without money for things like this, there is no way anyone should expect those niche papers to be as well documented as big programming projects used by millions.

If you still think that is a problem then start some open source organization to fix that. Nobody has done that yet though since so few people care about math papers, but since you feel so strongly about this you could do it, someone has to be the one to start it.

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#169

Earlier quoted context omitted.

As someone who's studied math and CS extensively, it's not that mathematicians don't need that rigor it's only certain sub-fields have a culture of this kind of notational rigor. You absolutely see little bubbles of research, 2-4 professors, get sealed off from the rest of the research community because their notational practices are so sloppy that no one wants to bother whereas others make it easy to understand thei…

> CS are just better about this, and I can only explain it as a part of the culture and tradition. CS professors writes just as incomprehensible math as everyone else, as you can see many here brings up examples of CS professors writing incomprehensible math in their papers.

Moreover, you might think that Lisp notation would improve it, but CS papers using S-expressions are just as incomprehensible, even to a seasoned Lisp programmer.

Math notations are two-dimensional and don't suffer very badly from structural ambiguities, so that actually fixes almost nothing.

The problem in unfamiliar math notations is rarely the chunking of which clump is a child of which clump.

E.g say that some paper uses, say, angle brackets, with some deep meaning that you can learn about if you recurse three levels down in the list of references.

I'm not confused that in , the Ap thing is a child of the angle brackets; and calling it (frob (A p)) doesn't help much in this regard.

However, at least you can search literature for the word frob more easily than for angle brackets.

Re: Ask HN: How did you learn math notation?

#170

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yes. What's wrong with changing math notation? Why wouldn't you do it if you know that it would make it easier for others to approach? What's the rationale behind doing exactly nothing to make the notation more approachable for the masses?

Math notation has evolved to be what it is because it is useful for the actual doing of math, and the communication of math to those who have sufficient background. It's not deliberately designed to keep people out, and there are literally hundreds of thousands of books that introduce people to the notations used, to help on-board them. Haskell is unreadable to one who has not trained in it or similar languages ... w…

> It's not deliberately designed to keep people out,

It looks that way, to many people, even in this thread.

> why don't they change the syntax to make it more readable?

They do, actually. Quite often at that. It's called releasing new version.

> Look! Computer programs are easy and intuitive and everyone can understand them, even without training! Make math like that!

No. Computer code is as far from intuitive as it can be. Nobody says otherwise. So you don't need to do anything to get there, the notation's good on that front (meaning: completely non-intuitive).

That's where the IDEs come in. And debuggers. And other tools. Lots of tools. They really help. You could use them, because the IDEs-for-math already exist. In college I had exactly one semester to familiarize myself with one of them, and it was never mentioned again until graduation.

> Do you really believe that math notation is deliberately designed to make it hard for people untrained in math to learn how to use it?

Why, do you believe it's not possible for it to be that way? See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagoras#Prohibitions_and_re...

> Do you really believe that no one has tried to make it more accessible?

Why did they fail? (If they didn't - where's the exponential growth of first years' mathematicians in training)

> Do you really believe you know more about why math notation is what it is than mathematicians and trained mathematics educators do?

I'm 100% not interested in why it is like this, it's not my problem, so I really wouldn't know. Would you be interested in how at some point you had to write `class X(object):` and that it later changed to simply `class X:`? Would you go hunt on the mailing list to see who exactly came up with the idea? Or why they thought it would be better that way? Would you be interested in that if you just had to write a 10-lines of Python, to scrape some web site?

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